“…Level of evidence (LoE) classification system for treatment benefits according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (Howick et al, 2011) Evidence on treatment options involving bone graft surgery was gained from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses (Aghaloo & Moy, 2007;Att et al, 2009;Bernstein et al, 2006;Chao et al, 2010;Chiapasco et al, 2006Chiapasco et al, , 2009Donos et al, 2008;Emmerich et al, 2005;Esposito et al, 2009Esposito et al, , 2010Graziani et al, 2004;Jensen & Terheyden, 2009;Rochietta et al, 2008;Stellingsma et al, 2004;Tan et al, 2008;Waasdorp & Reynolds, 2010) and supplemented by an electronic MEDLINE literature search (last search on 1 st August 2011). Likewise, evidence on non-grafting treatment alternatives, i.e.…”