Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post-secondary educational settings

Harrod, Curtis S.; Goss, Cynthia W; Stallones, Lorann; DiGuiseppi, Carolyn

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009439.pub2

Cited by 69 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Presently, prevention programs targeting STB among college students are largely ineffective [18], while evidence for STB prevention among young people in general is also not well established [19]. Our findings suggest that two concurrent efforts may more effectively address STB and STB-related academic consequences in early life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among college students and same-aged peers: results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Mortier

Auerbach

Alonso

et al. 2018

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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PURPOSE The primary aims are to (1) obtain representative prevalence estimates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) among college students worldwide and (2) investigate whether STB is related to matriculation to and attrition from college. METHODS Data from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys were analyzed, which include face-to-face interviews with 5,750 young adults aged 18–22 spanning 21 countries (weighted mean response rate = 71.4%). Standardized STB prevalence estimates were calculated for four well-defined groups of same-aged peers: college students, college attriters (i.e., dropouts), secondary school graduates who never entered college, and secondary school non-graduates. Logistic regression assessed the association between STB and college entrance as well as attrition from college. RESULTS Twelve-month STB in college students was 1.9%, a rate significantly lower than same-aged peers not in college (3.4%; OR=0.5; p<0.01). Lifetime prevalence of STB with onset prior to age 18 among college entrants (i.e., college students or attriters) was 7.2%, a rate significantly lower than among non-college attenders (i.e., secondary school graduates or non-graduates; 8.2%; OR=0.7; p=0.03). Pre-matriculation onset STB (but not post-matriculation onset STB) increased the odds of college attrition (OR=1.7; p<0.01). CONCLUSION STB with onset prior to age 18 is associated with reduced likelihood of college entrance as well as greater attrition from college. Future prospective research should investigate the causality of these associations and determine whether targeting onset and persistence of childhood-adolescent onset STB leads to improved educational attainment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among college students and same-aged peers: results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Mortier

Auerbach

Alonso

et al. 2018

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…101–104 School, workplace, and community-based interventions, and multi-component primary care interventions can reduce the incidence of suicide or SB, as can the organization and access to care, and reduced access to lethal means of suicide.…”

Section: Interventions To Prevent or Treat Sbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…105 Post-high school suicide prevention efforts similarly have found no effect for educational or gatekeeper interventions, but one quasi-experimental study found that method restriction and mandatory professional evaluation of suicidal students reduced the suicide rate. 104 …”

Section: Interventions To Prevent or Treat Sbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide and suicidal behaviour

2016

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Summary Suicide is a complex public health problem of global dimension. Suicidal behaviour (SB) shows marked differences between genders, age groups, geographic regions and socio-political realities, and variably associates with different risk factors, underscoring likely etiological heterogeneity. Although there is no effective algorithm to predict suicide in clinical practice, improved recognition and understanding of clinical, psychological, sociological, and biological factors may facilitate the detection of high-risk individuals and assist in treatment selection. Psychotherapeutic, pharmacological, or neuromodulatory treatments of mental disorders can often prevent SB; additionally, regular follow-up of suicide attempters by mental health services is key to prevent future SB.

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“…In response to these alarming statistics, a broad array of prevention interventions have been developed and implemented in colleges worldwide. However, a recent Cochrane review (Harrod et al, 2014) found little evidence that these programs lead to reductions in suicidality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviours in college

Mortier

Demyttenaere

Auerbach

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background College students are a worldwide increasing group of young people at risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STB). However, no previous studies have prospectively investigated the first onset of STB during the college period. Methods Using longitudinal data from the Leuven College Surveys, 2,337 (response rate [RR]=66.6%) incoming freshmen provided baseline data on STB, parental psychopathology, childhood-adolescent traumatic experiences, 12-month risk for mental disorders, and 12-month stressful experiences. A total of 1,253 baseline respondents provided data on 12-month STB in a two-year annual follow-up survey (conditional RR=53.6%; college dropout adjusted conditional RR=70.2%). Results One-year incidence of first-onset STB was 4.6–6.4%. Effect sizes of the included risk factors varied considerably whether viewed from individual-level (ORs 1.91–17.58) or population-level perspective (PARPs 3.4–34.3%). Dating violence prior to the age of 17, physical abuse prior to the age of 17, and 12-month betrayal by someone else than the partner were most strong predictors for first-onset suicidal ideation (ORs=4.23–12.25; PARPs=8.7–27.1%) and plans (ORs=6.57–17.58; PARPs=15.2–34.3%). Multivariate prediction (AUC=.84–.91) revealed that 50.7–65.7% of first-onset STB cases were concentrated in the 10% at highest predicted risk. Limitations As this is a first investigation of STB onset in college, future studies should use validation samples to test the accuracy of our multivariate prediction model. Conclusions The first onset of STB in college appears to be higher than in the general population. Screening at college entrance is a promising strategy to identify those students at highest prospective risk, enabling the cost-efficient clinical assessment of young adults in college.

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Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post-secondary educational settings

Cited by 69 publications

References 49 publications

Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among college students and same-aged peers: results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among college students and same-aged peers: results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Suicide and suicidal behaviour

First onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviours in college

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