Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes

Heslop, Rachel; Roberts, Helen; Flower, Deralie; Jordan, Vanessa

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010684.pub2

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…In females there was high heterogeneity between the two trials included in the meta-analysis and it did not show any statistical difference between those taking acyclovir and those taking placebo (MD −4.13 days, 95% CI − 10.15 to 1.89; 2 RCTs, 49 women, I2 statistic = 71%). However overall, we did not observe any statistical difference between men and women (Test for subgroup differences: Chi2 = 0.39, P = 0.53) for the duration of symptoms from onset of treatment” [ 43 ]. “Whether officially members of certified POs or not, women involved in certified production are often reported to be disadvantaged in terms of both the benefits they receive and in their influence over decision making within the certified [Producer Organization] POs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex/gender reporting and analysis in Campbell and Cochrane systematic reviews: a cross-sectional methods study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe importance of sex and gender considerations in research is being increasingly recognized. Evidence indicates that sex and gender can influence intervention effectiveness. We assessed the extent to which sex/gender is reported and analyzed in Campbell and Cochrane systematic reviews.MethodsWe screened all the systematic reviews in the Campbell Library (n = 137) and a sample of systematic reviews from 2016 to 2017 in the Cochrane Library (n = 674). We documented the frequency of sex/gender terms used in each section of the reviews.ResultsWe excluded 5 Cochrane reviews because they were withdrawn or published and updated within the same time period as well as 4 Campbell reviews and 114 Cochrane reviews which only included studies focused on a single sex. Our analysis includes 133 Campbell reviews and 555 Cochrane reviews. We assessed reporting of sex/gender considerations for each section of the systematic review (Abstract, Background, Methods, Results, Discussion). In the methods section, 83% of Cochrane reviews (95% CI 80–86%) and 51% of Campbell reviews (95% CI 42–59%) reported on sex/gender. In the results section, less than 30% of reviews reported on sex/gender. Of these, 37% (95% CI 29–45%) of Campbell and 75% (95% CI 68–82%) of Cochrane reviews provided a descriptive report of sex/gender and 63% (95% CI 55–71%) of Campbell reviews and 25% (95% CI 18–32%) of Cochrane reviews reported analytic approaches for exploring sex/gender, such as subgroup analyses, exploring heterogeneity, or presenting disaggregated data by sex/gender.ConclusionOur study indicates that sex/gender reporting in Campbell and Cochrane reviews is inadequate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex/gender reporting and analysis in Campbell and Cochrane systematic reviews: a cross-sectional methods study

et al. 2018

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“…Since omeprazole is a clinically well-established drug with a preferable safety profile, it is an excellent candidate for drug repositioning strategies (Ikemura et al, 2017), and there is a need for improved therapies for HSV-1- and HSV-2-associated disease. After primary infection, HSV-1 and HSV-2 establish life-long persistence which may result in recurrent disease which typically manifests as herpes labialis or herpes genitalis and which may be associated with significant morbidity (Gnann and Whitley, 2016; Heslop et al, 2016; Klysik et al, 2018). Even in the case of herpes labialis, which is not commonly associated with severe complications, treatment success is not always satisfactory as highlighted by the introduction of topical acyclovir/hydrocortisone combinations (Nguyen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omeprazole Increases the Efficacy of Acyclovir Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2

et al. 2019

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Omeprazole was shown to improve the anti-cancer effects of the nucleoside analogue 5-fluorouracil. Here, we combined omeprazole with the antiviral nucleoside analogues ribavirin and acyclovir. Omeprazole did not affect the antiviral effects of ribavirin in non-toxic concentrations up to 80 μg/mL but increased the acyclovir-mediated effects on herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2) replication in a dose-dependent manner. Omeprazole alone reduced HSV-1 and -2 titers [but not HSV-induced formation of cytopathogenic effects (CPE)] at concentrations ≥40 μg/mL. However, it exerted substantially stronger effects on acyclovir activity and also increased acyclovir activity at lower concentrations that did not directly interfere with HSV replication. Omeprazole 80 μg/mL caused a 10.8-fold (Vero cells) and 47.7-fold (HaCaT cells) decrease of the acyclovir concentrations that reduced HSV-1-induced CPE formation by 50% (IC50). In HSV-2-infected cells, omeprazole 80 μg/mL reduced the acyclovir IC50 by 7.3- (Vero cells) and 12.9-fold (HaCaT cells). In HaCaT cells, omeprazole 80 μg/mL reduced the HSV-1 titer in the presence of acyclovir 1 μg/mL by 1.6 × 105-fold and the HSV-2 titer in the presence of acyclovir 2 μg/mL by 9.2 × 103-fold. The proton pump inhibitors pantoprazole, rabeprazole, lansoprazole, and dexlansoprazole increased the antiviral effects of acyclovir in a similar fashion as omeprazole, indicating this to be a drug class effect. In conclusion, proton pump inhibitors increase the anti-HSV activity of acyclovir and are candidates for antiviral therapies in combination with acyclovir, in particular for topical preparations for the treatment of immunocompromised individuals who are more likely to suffer from severe complications.

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“… 20 These adverse events, although they are expected in patients on acyclovir, were not reported in the rest of trials. 46 A triple-blinded trial reported abdominal pain and diarrhea in placebo group, possibly due to nocebo effect. 25 , 47 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of acyclovir in the treatment of pityriasis rosea. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rodríguez-Zúñiga

Torres

García‐Perdomo

2018

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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BackgroundThere is a lack of evidence to support acyclovir administration in pityriasis rosea.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of acyclovir in patients with typical pityriasis rosea.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies was performed in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE and others, from January 1990 to October 2016 on acyclovir for pityriasis rosea. Random effect model was used to find the pooled Risk Ratio. Outcomes, evaluated between weeks 1 to 8, were regression of lesions, cessation of lesions, decrease of symptoms and duration of disease. Comparisons were acyclovir vs. placebo; acyclovir vs. symptomatic treatment; acyclovir vs. antibiotic; acyclovir vs. observation and combined therapy (acyclovir plus symptomatic treatment) vs. symptomatic treatment alone.ResultsSeven papers were analyzed with 324 participants, of which 159 received acyclovir and 165 were controls. Acyclovir was superior to placebo for complete regression of lesions at week 1 (Risk Ratio 5.72, CI95% 2.36-13.88). However, combined therapy was not superior to symptomatic treatment at week 4 (Risk Ratio 1.46, CI95% 0.93-2.29). Individual studies showed the superiority of acyclovir for the control of symptoms and pruritus.Study limitationsWe faced differences designs of trials and inconsistency between reports.ConclusionSymptomatic treatment is a reasonable option for pityriasis rosea, and the addition of acyclovir is justified for the control of symptoms and pruritus.

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Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes

Cited by 19 publications

References 111 publications

Sex/gender reporting and analysis in Campbell and Cochrane systematic reviews: a cross-sectional methods study

Sex/gender reporting and analysis in Campbell and Cochrane systematic reviews: a cross-sectional methods study

Omeprazole Increases the Efficacy of Acyclovir Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2

Effectiveness of acyclovir in the treatment of pityriasis rosea. A systematic review and meta-analysis

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