Interventions for childhood apraxia of speech

Abstract

Background Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) affects a child's ability to produce sounds and syllables precisely and consistently, and to produce words and sentences with accuracy and correct speech rhythm. It is a rare condition, affecting only 0.1% of the general population. Consensus has been reached that three core features have diagnostic validity: (1) inconsistent error production on both consonants and vowels across repeated productions of syllables or words; (2) lengthened and impaired coarticulatory transitions between sounds and syllables; and (3) inappropriate prosody (ASHA 2007). A deficit in motor programming or planning is thought to underlie the condition. This means that children know what they would like to say but there is a breakdown in the ability to programme or plan the fine and rapid movements required to accurately produce speech. Children with CAS may also have impairments in one or more of the following areas: non-speech oral motor function, dysarthria, language, phonological production impairment, phonemic awareness or metalinguistic skills and literacy, or combinations of these. High-quality evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is lacking on interventions for CAS. Objectives To assess the efficacy of interventions targeting speech and language in children and adolescents with CAS as delivered by speech and language pathologists/therapists. Search methods We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, eight other databases and seven trial registers up to April 2017. We searched the reference lists of included reports and requested information on unpublished trials from authors of published studies and other experts as well as information groups in the areas of speech and language therapy/pathology and linguistics. Selection criteria RCTs and quasi-RCTs of children aged 3 to 16 years with CAS diagnosed by a speech and language pathologist/therapist, grouped by treatment types. Data collection and analysis Two review authors (FL, AM) independently assessed titles and abstracts identified from the searches and obtained full-text reports of all potentially relevant articles and assessed these for eligibility. The same two authors extracted data and conducted the 'Risk of bias' and GRADE assessments. One review author (EM) tabulated findings from excluded observational studies (Table 1). 1 Interventions for childhood apraxia of speech (Review)

Speech, language, and feeding phenotypes of SATB2‐associated syndrome

“…Clinicians should target speech production with a motor‐planning approach, not waiting until the child has enough verbal ability to corroborate an apraxia diagnosis with formal testing. A single randomized control trial of apraxia treatment approaches comparing the Nuffield Dyspraxia Programme‐3 and the Rapid Syllable Transitions Treatment determined that when these interventions are delivered in intensive 1‐hour sessions 4 days per week across 3 weeks, patients demonstrate comparable gains in word accuracy 1 month after treatment with either therapy approach . For individuals with CAS, higher dose or higher‐dose frequency of intervention results in better outcomes than lower dose or dose frequency of those same interventions .…”

Level of Vocabulary Development and Selected Elements Regarding Sensory Integration and Balance in 5-Year-Old Girls and Boys

“…Children with vocabulary development disorders have been in the field of research and therapeutic interest for many years. Research by Morgan et al [ 27 ], using quantitative imaging of the brain to observe the activity of neural networks, indicates that the basis of speech development disorders and sensory processes is common. These authors, using magnetic resonance imaging, examined 20 preschool children.…”

“…Although the relationship between processes of sensory integration and balance, as well as speech and vocabulary, seems obvious in scientific publications, the above problem is rarely analyzed. Previous studies have mostly been focused on the issues of speech and sensory integration, treating them separately [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. In our research, however, we tried to establish a relationship between vocabulary development of children and the processes of sensory integration as well as balance.…”

Efetividade da Telessaúde em pacientes com distúrbios dos sons da fala: uma revisão sistemática

“…A AFI pode ocorrer como resultado de um comprometimento neurológico aos distúrbios dos sons da fala Development, v. 9, n. 11, e1559119685, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9685 idiopáticos, ou ainda, associado aos distúrbios neurocomportamentais complexos de origem conhecida e/ou desconhecida (ASHA, 2020; ASHA, 2020). As abordagens de tratamento de AFI se concentram na reabilitação das habilidades de produção da fala e são classificados como abordagens motoras, abordagens linguísticas e abordagens comunicativas multimodais (Morgan et al, 2018). Gomez et al (2018) (Iuzzini & Forrest, 2010).…”