Intervention During Preparation for Learning : Focusing on How to Generate Questions and on Answering the Questions Generated

Three-stage Design of a Question-making Activity to Refine Pre-training Preparation in a Blended Training Program

“…As a way to combine QMAs with exposure to teaching materials as part of the pre-training preparation, it can be effective to allow participants to provide answers to the questions they themselves have formulated after reading teaching materials. It has been shown that having participants answer questions formulated by themselves after having read a textbook at the end of the pre-training preparation increases more higher-order learning outcomes such as causal explanation than lower-order learning outcomes such as remembering (7) . Moreover, although this form of Q&A activity by participants is also expected to make questions deeper or sharper, this effect has not yet been verified.…”

“…Based on previous findings, the lack of specificity of the questions was attributed to the lack of subject matter knowledge (6) ; an effective way to curb this issue would be to allow participants to answer questions of their own making (7) . By combining these ideas, we modified the pre-training preparation for the QMA, as shown in Figure 2.…”