Interstitial lung diseases: Imaging contribution to diagnosis and elementary radiological lesions

Nèji, H.; Attia, M.; Affes, M.; Baccouche, I.; Miled-M’rad, K. Ben; Hantous-Zannad, S.

doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2018.07.001

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Definitive diagnosis needs nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-COV-2 analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) [ 7 ]. Imaging such as chest computed tomography (CT) [ 8 , 9 ] and [ 18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT) [ 1 , 10 ] can reveal lung involvement [ 11 ]. [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT has been already described as a tool to provide a diagnosis of interstitial pneumonia [ 12 , 13 ], which is one of the most common presentation of COVID-19 disease [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased incidence of interstitial pneumonia detected on [18F]-FDG-PET/CT in asymptomatic cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Lombardy: a casualty or COVID-19 infection?

Setti

Bonacina

Meroni

et al. 2020

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose The study aimed to compare the incidence of interstitial pneumonia on [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT scans between two 6-month periods: (a) the COVID-19 pandemic peak and (b) control period. Secondly, we compared the incidence of interstitial pneumonia on [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT and epidemiological data from the regional registry of COVID-19 cases. Additionally, imaging findings and the intensity of [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT uptake in terms of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) were compared. Methods We retrospectively analyzed [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT scans performed in cancer patients referred to nuclear medicine of Humanitas Gavazzeni in Bergamo from December 2019 to May 2020 and from December 2018 to May 2019. The per month incidence of interstitial pneumonia at imaging and the epidemiological data were assessed. To evaluate the differences between the two symmetric groups (period of COVID-19 pandemic and control), the stratified Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test was used. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and t test or Wilcoxon test were performed to compare the distributions of categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Results Overall, 1298 patients were included in the study. The two cohorts-COVID-19 pandemic (n = 575) and control (n = 723)-did not statistically differ in terms of age, disease, or scan indication (p > 0.05). Signs of interstitial pneumonia were observed in 24 (4.2%) and 14 patients (1.9%) in the COVID-19 period and the control period, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.013). The level of statistical significance improved further when the period from January to May was considered, with a peak in March (7/83 patients, 8.4% vs 3/134 patients, 2.2%, p = 0.001). The curve of interstitial pneumonia diagnosis overlapped with the COVID-19 incidence in the area of Lombardy (Spearman correlation index was equal to 1). Imaging data did not differ among the two cohorts. Conclusions Significant increase of interstitial lung alterations at [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT has been demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the incidence curve of imaging abnormalities resulted in resembling the epidemiological data of the general population. These data support the rationale to adopt [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT as sentinel modality to identify suspicious COVID-19 cases to be referred for additional confirmatory testing. Nuclear medicine physicians and staff should continue active surveillance of interstitial pneumonia findings, especially when new infection peak is expected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased incidence of interstitial pneumonia detected on [18F]-FDG-PET/CT in asymptomatic cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Lombardy: a casualty or COVID-19 infection?

Setti

Bonacina

Meroni

et al. 2020

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…The outstanding feature lying in our computer-aided analysis of lung HRCT were outer boundary of binary lung tissue region images selected by Laplace operator and interstitial enhancement generated according to curvature feature of lung interstitium. Because our imagine analysis had based on high density structure from HRCT, we can apprehension that imagine of normal lung interstitium and abnormal imagine including consolidation, reticulations, septal thickening, ground glass opacities, nodules, bronchiectasis, honey combing, cysts could be detected and analysis (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of Effective Lung Ventilation Area Ratio Based on CT Image Analysis Is a New Index to Predict the Shorter Outcome of Anti-melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 Positive Dermatomyositis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Wang

Mei

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

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Background: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+DM) patients have poor outcomes due to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD). The accurate assessment of lung involvement is an urgent focus of research.Methods: A computer-aided lung interstitial image analysis technology has been developed, and a quantitative indicator named effective lung ventilation area ratio (ELVAR) that calculates the proportion of the area outside the lung interstitium in lung tissue has been established. 55 newly diagnosed MDA5+DM patients and 46 healthy individuals, matched for age and gender, were enrolled in this study. MDA5+DM patients were classified into early death group or early survival group according to their survival state within 3 months after diagnosis. Clinical characteristics, laboratory and immunological test results, lung involvement (including ELVAR value) and treatment were compared between early death group and early survival group to determine an index that can predict prognoses of patients with MDA5+DM.Results: There were significant differences between early death MDA5+DM patients and early survival MDA5+DM patients about 12 indices including age of onset, CRP, ferritin, albumin, and pulmonary involvement including severity of type I respiratory failure at diagnosis, P/F ratio, oxygen supplementation, values of ELVAR, FVC, and DLCO. The results of ROC analysis and correlation analysis showed the value of ELVAR had good diagnostic value and widely correlation with many clinical characteristics. Univariate analysis and Multivariate analysis showed four factors including age of onset, ferritin, value of ELVAR, and oxygen supplementation >4 L/min significantly value for poor prognosis in MDA5+DM patients. A cutoff value of 0.835 about ELVAR had good predictive power for mortality within 3 months in 54.2% of MDA5+DM patients.Conclusion: The value of ELVAR derived from computed tomography image analysis is a new index that can predict poor outcomes in MDA5+DM patients with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.

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“…Reticular interstitial pattern is a non-specific feature of intralobular interstitial thickening, often accompanied by septal thickening caused by pathological changes in interlobular septa. While interlobular septa are normally generally invisible on HRCT, thickened septa form a visible pattern [15]. This occurs in some COVID-19 cases and may persist for several weeks and possibly lead to fibrosis [11,16].…”

Section: State Of Knowledge -Diagnostic Imaging Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This occurs in some COVID-19 cases and may persist for several weeks and possibly lead to fibrosis [11,16]. Honeycombing -an advanced fibrosis and destruction of lung parenchyma -may also occur [3,15].…”

Section: State Of Knowledge -Diagnostic Imaging Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pictorial review of COVID-19 in the Lublin Region – Imaging disease progression with CXR and CT

Kurys-Denis¹,

Podgórska²,

Prystupa³

2021

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Introduction. COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-Cov-2 that has reached the pandemic status and has infected in one year more than 62 million people. Clinical symptoms range from barely noticeable to very severe. It is crucial to recognize imaging patterns of COVID-19, allowing for better diagnosis and treatment. Diagnostic imaging is also essential in monitoring patients in the course of the disease. Objective. In our pictorial review we describe the most common pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19, and show the typical and non-typical features of COVID-19 encountered in our hospital in Lublin, Poland. Imaging the disease progression is also visualized to help realize how pulmonary changes occur over the time. State of knowledge and Conclusions. COVID-19 involves both lung parenchyma and interstitium and has multiple imaging features, varying form ground glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, reticular interstitial pattern, honeycombing or crazypaving. Mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement or pleural effusion may appear, but are rare and atypical. GGO are located peripherally, bilaterally and predominantly in the lower lobes, and in the early stage are better seen on CT imaging. Progression of imaging findings take different times, with the peak of of imaging features appearing around 10-14 days after initial symptoms. While it is harder to discern subtle changes on CXR, progression can be very well monitored by his method. Final pulmonary consequences of the disease should be assessed with the use of CT.

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Interstitial lung diseases: Imaging contribution to diagnosis and elementary radiological lesions

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Increased incidence of interstitial pneumonia detected on [18F]-FDG-PET/CT in asymptomatic cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Lombardy: a casualty or COVID-19 infection?

Increased incidence of interstitial pneumonia detected on [18F]-FDG-PET/CT in asymptomatic cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Lombardy: a casualty or COVID-19 infection?

The Value of Effective Lung Ventilation Area Ratio Based on CT Image Analysis Is a New Index to Predict the Shorter Outcome of Anti-melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 Positive Dermatomyositis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Pictorial review of COVID-19 in the Lublin Region – Imaging disease progression with CXR and CT

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