Interstitial cells of Cajal, the Maestro in health and disease

Mostafa, Randa; Moustafa, Yasser M.; Hamdy, Hussam

doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i26.3239

Cited by 75 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…In the last decade, these have been identified as bladder ICCs (BICCs) and the emerging consensus is that they are likely to play an important role in modulating bladder motility (74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81). ICCs were first identified in the gastrointestinal tract where they function as pacemakers, neuron transducers, and mechanosensors to modulate smooth muscle motility (82)(83)(84)(85), and more than a dozen gut disorders are linked to ICC dysfunction, including gastroparesis and intestinal pseudo-obstruction (86,87). In urinary bladder, much less is understood.…”

Section: Bladder Icc: An Old Cell Newly Implicated In Lower Urinary Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Urinary Drainage and Voiding

Hill

2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Urine differs greatly in ion and solute composition from plasma and contains harmful and noxious substances that must be stored for hours and then eliminated when it is socially convenient to do so. The urinary tract that handles this output is composed of a series of pressurizable muscular compartments separated by sphincteric structures. With neural input, these structures coordinate the delivery, collection, and, ultimately, expulsion of urine. Despite large osmotic and chemical gradients in this waste fluid, the bladder maintains a highly impermeable surface in the face of a physically demanding biomechanical environment, which mandates recurring cycles of surface area expansion and increased wall tension during filling, followed by rapid wall compression during voiding. Afferent neuronal inflow from mucosa and submucosa communicates sensory information about bladder fullness, and voiding is initiated consciously through coordinated central and spinal efferent outflow to the detrusor, trigonal internal sphincter, and external urethral sphincter after periods of relative quiescence. Provocative new findings suggest that in some cases, lower urinary tract symptoms, such as incontinence, urgency, frequency, overactivity, and pain may be viewed as a consequence of urothelial defects (either urothelial barrier breakdown or inappropriate signaling from urothelial cells to underlying sensory afferents and potentially interstitial cells). This review describes the physiologic and anatomic mechanisms by which urine is moved from the kidney to the bladder, stored, and then released. Relevant clinical examples of urinary tract dysfunction are also discussed.

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Section: Bladder Icc: An Old Cell Newly Implicated In Lower Urinary Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Urinary Drainage and Voiding

Hill

2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…This pattern was also observed in the small intestine subgroups, with 12.9 ± 1.4 cells/mm 2 and 21.3 ± 1.2 cells/mm 2 , and in the rectum subgroups, with 13.4 ± 4.1 cells/mm 2 and 21.9 ± 2.3 cells/mm 2 , for the experimental and control groups respectively. These changes to the ICCs have been correlated with a variety of types of abnormality of intestinal motility, but the results are divergent 14 and their understanding may promote advances in understanding intestinal motility 13 .…”

Section: Evaluation By Immunohistochemical C-kit or Cd-117mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities of digestive tract innervation in rat fetus treated with ethylenethiourea

et al. 2012

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PURPOSE: The pathophysiology of abnormalities associated with myenteric plexus lesions remains imperfectly understood. Such abnormalities have been correlated with subocclusive intestinal conditions in children with Hirschsprung's disease, cases of chronic constipation and, postoperatively, in cases of anorectal anomalies. This study evaluated abnormalities of the myenteric plexus in fetus from female rats that received ethylenethiourea. METHODS: Female rats were exposed to ethylenethiourea on the 11th day of pregnancy (experimental group) or to 0.9% physiological solution (control group). Abnormalities were only found in the experimental group. The digestive tract muscle layer was analyzed morphometrically and changes to the frequencies of nerve plexus cells and interstitial cells of Cajal were evaluated, using hematoxylin-eosin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase and C-Kit, respectively. RESULTS: Muscle and skeletal abnormalities were observed in 100%, anorectal anomalies in 86%, absent tail in 71%, short tail in 29%, duodenal atresia in 5%, esophageal atresia in 5% and persistent omphalomesenteric duct in 5%. Histopathological analysis showed a thinner muscle layer associated with lower frequencies of ganglion cells and interstitial cells of Cajal, in all gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSION: Severe nerve plexus abnormalities associated with muscle layer atrophy were observed throughout the gastrointestinal tract in newborn rats exposed to ethylenethiourea.

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“…In the aganglionic intestine and in the HD transition zone, there may be a reduced number and/or disturbances in the communication network of c-kit positive ICC 16. Few studies have assessed the relationship between HD and the distribution of ICC in the remaining ganglionic segment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hirschsprung's disease – Postsurgical intestinal dysmotility

Romaneli

Ribeiro

Bustorff‐Silva

et al. 2016

Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)

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Objective:To describe the case of an infant with Hirschsprung's disease presenting as total colonic aganglionosis, which, after surgical resection of the aganglionic segment persisted with irreversible functional intestinal obstruction; discuss the difficulties in managing this form of congenital aganglionosis and discuss a plausible pathogenetic mechanism for this case.Case description:The diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease presenting as total colonic aganglionosis was established in a two-month-old infant, after an episode of enterocolitis, hypovolemic shock and severe malnutrition. After colonic resection, the patient did not recover intestinal motor function that would allow enteral feeding. Postoperative examination of remnant ileum showed the presence of ganglionic plexus and a reduced number of interstitial cells of Cajal in the proximal bowel segments. At 12 months, the patient remains dependent on total parenteral nutrition.Comments:Hirschsprung's disease presenting as total colonic aganglionosis has clinical and surgical characteristics that differentiate it from the classic forms, complicating the diagnosis and the clinical and surgical management. The postoperative course may be associated with permanent morbidity due to intestinal dysmotility. The numerical reduction or alteration of neural connections in the interstitial cells of Cajal may represent a possible physiopathological basis for the condition.

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Interstitial cells of Cajal, the Maestro in health and disease

Cited by 75 publications

References 128 publications

Control of Urinary Drainage and Voiding

Control of Urinary Drainage and Voiding

Abnormalities of digestive tract innervation in rat fetus treated with ethylenethiourea

Hirschsprung's disease – Postsurgical intestinal dysmotility

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