Interspecific variation of Δ1,6-piperideines in imported fire ants

Workers and alate queens of Solenopsis geminata share qualitatively similar but quantitatively different venom alkaloid chemistry

“…Brand et al (1972) first reported the identification of piperideine 1,2 -C11 from S. xyloni venom. Recently, a number of studies have confirmed the presence of two series of piperideines including 1,6 -C11 and 1,2 -C11 in workers and alate queens of S. richteri, S. invicta, and their hybrid (Chen and Fadamiro, 2009a,b;Chen et al, 2009Chen et al, , 2010aChen et al, ,b, 2012. Piperideine 1,2 -C11 has been hypothesized to act as an intermediate in the interconversion of cis and trans ring isomers (Brand et al, 1972).…”

Effects of piperidine and piperideine alkaloids from the venom of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, on Pythium ultimum Trow growth in vitro and the application of piperideine alkaloids to control cucumber damping‐off in the greenhouse

“…21–24 The alkaloid fraction of the venom of S. invicta contains mainly 2‐methyl‐6‐alkyl or ‐alkenyl piperidines, known as solenopsins. Although piperidine alkaloids had long been believed to be the only alkaloids in S. invicta , Chen et al 25, 26 recently identified six piperideine alkaloids from S. invicta , its sister species, S. richteri , and their hybrid, including 2‐methyl‐6‐tridecenyl‐6‐piperideine, 2‐methyl‐6‐tridecyl‐6‐piperideine, 2‐methyl‐6‐pentadecenyl‐6‐piperideine, 2‐methyl‐6‐pentadecyl‐6‐piperideine, 2‐methyl‐6‐heptadecenyl‐6‐piperideine and 2‐methyl‐6‐heptadecyl‐6‐piperideine. Therefore, it is clear that the venom alkaloids extracted from the red imported fire ant consist of two groups of alkaloids: piperidine and piperideine alkaloids.…”

Transcription profiling of guanine nucleotide binding proteins during developmental regulation and pesticide response in Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

“…[28][29][30][31][32] Molecular studies of insecticide resistance, including identification of the genes involved in target site and metabolic resistance mechanisms, have advanced rapidly over the past decade. [32][33][34] A previous study showed that boric acid significantly decreased the survivorship of workers in the target organs.…”