Interspecific transfer of pyrrolizidine alkaloids: An unconsidered source of contaminations of phytopharmaceuticals and plant derived commodities

Nowak, Melanie; Wittke, Carina; Lederer, Ines; Klier, Bernhard; Kleinwächter, Maik; Selmar, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.069

Cited by 55 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These experiments roughly reflect the experiments conducted so far to demonstrate the phenomena of horizontal PA-transfer [21,31]. In this case, a large number of PA-plants (L. squarrosa) were growing next to non-PA-plants (here common endemic weeds).…”

Section: Pa-content Of Non-pa-plants Growing On L Squarrosa Plots (Plot A)supporting

confidence: 77%

“…should be carefully investigated to evaluate the importance of its contribution to the overall risk of PAs in the food chain. So far, horizontal PA-transfer was demonstrated under laboratory or laboratory-like conditions only, demonstrating the possibility of a transfer of PAs from mulched PA-plants to non-PA-plants as well as, e.g., from Senecio jacobaea to various herbs such as mentha or chamomilla [21], or between living plants in close spatial proximity, e.g., from S. jacobaea to various herbs like parsley or melissa [22]. In addition, a recent published study reported the transfer from strongly PA-plant infested fallow land (Chromolaena odorata) after slash-and-burn and slash-and-mulch practice to the subsequently cultivated maize plants [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in the Food Chain: Is Horizontal Transfer of Natural Products of Relevance?

Chmit

Horn

Dübecke³

et al. 2021

Foods

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Recent studies have raised the question whether there is a potential threat by a horizontal transfer of toxic plant constituents such as pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) between donor-PA-plants and acceptor non-PA-plants. This topic raised concerns about food and feed safety in the recent years. The purpose of the study described here was to investigate and evaluate horizontal transfer of PAs between donor and acceptor-plants by conducting a series of field trials using the PA-plant Lappula squarrosa as model and realistic agricultural conditions. Additionally, the effect of PA-plant residues recycling in the form of composts or press-cakes were investigated. The PA-transfer and the PA-content of soil, plants, and plant waste products was determined in form of a single sum parameter method using high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). PA-transfer from PA-donor to acceptor-plants was frequently observed at low rates during the vegetative growing phase especially in cases of close spatial proximity. However, at the time of harvest no PAs were detected in the relevant field products (grains). For all investigated agricultural scenarios, horizontal transfer of PAs is of no concern with regard to food or feed safety.

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Section: Pa-content Of Non-pa-plants Growing On L Squarrosa Plots (Plot A)supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in the Food Chain: Is Horizontal Transfer of Natural Products of Relevance?

Chmit

Horn

Dübecke³

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…Plants which are not producing PAs can still accumulate them if they grow on soil containing decomposing PA-containing plants according to a study by Nowak et al [163]. Various plant species commonly used as herbal teas or spices, i.e., melissa ( Melissa officinalis ), peppermint ( Mentha x piperita ), chamomile ( Matricaria chamomilla ), and parsley ( Petroselinum crispum ), were grown on soil mulched with 1 g of dried Senecio jacobaea plant material to investigate the uptake of PAs.…”

Section: Biological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities and Occurrence in Crop Plants

2019

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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are heterocyclic secondary metabolites with a typical pyrrolizidine motif predominantly produced by plants as defense chemicals against herbivores. They display a wide structural diversity and occur in a vast number of species with novel structures and occurrences continuously being discovered. These alkaloids exhibit strong hepatotoxic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, tumorigenic, and neurotoxic activities, and thereby pose a serious threat to the health of humans since they are known contaminants of foods including grain, milk, honey, and eggs, as well as plant derived pharmaceuticals and food supplements. Livestock and fodder can be affected due to PA-containing plants on pastures and fields. Despite their importance as toxic contaminants of agricultural products, there is limited knowledge about their biosynthesis. While the intermediates were well defined by feeding experiments, only one enzyme involved in PA biosynthesis has been characterized so far, the homospermidine synthase catalyzing the first committed step in PA biosynthesis. This review gives an overview about structural diversity of PAs, biosynthetic pathways of necine base, and necic acid formation and how PA accumulation is regulated. Furthermore, we discuss their role in plant ecology and their modes of toxicity towards humans and animals. Finally, several examples of PA-producing crop plants are discussed.

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“…Simple diffusion across biomembranes has been suggested as a mechanism for the uptake of xenobiotics (Trapp and Legind, 2011). Similarly, it was shown that plant uptake of alkaloids is by simple diffusion through the plasmalemma of the root cells (Nowak et al, 2016, Yahyazadeh et al, 2017. Simple diffusion requires specific physicochemical properties of organic compounds, such as an appropriate Log P value (Inoue et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics unravel the extensive transfer of bioactive compounds between rye and neighboring plants

Hazrati

Fomsgaard

Ding

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Translocation of metabolites between different plant species provides important hints in understanding the fate of bioactive root exudates. In the present study, targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was applied to elucidate the transfer of bioactive compounds between rye and several crops and weed species. Our results demonstrated that benzoxinoids (BXs) synthesized by rye were taken up by roots of neighboring plant species and translocated into their shoots. Furthermore, we showed roots of the rye plant took up compounds originating from neighboring plants. Among the compounds taken up by rye roots, wogonin was detected in the rye shoot, which indicates the root-to-shoot translocation of this compound. Elucidating the transfer of bioactive compounds between plants is essential for understanding plant-plant interactions, developing natural pesticides and understanding their modes of action.

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Interspecific transfer of pyrrolizidine alkaloids: An unconsidered source of contaminations of phytopharmaceuticals and plant derived commodities

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in the Food Chain: Is Horizontal Transfer of Natural Products of Relevance?

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in the Food Chain: Is Horizontal Transfer of Natural Products of Relevance?

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities and Occurrence in Crop Plants

Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics unravel the extensive transfer of bioactive compounds between rye and neighboring plants

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