Interspecific introgression of <scp>MHC</scp> genes in <i>Triturus</i> newts: Evidence from multiple contact zones

Gaczorek, Tomasz S.; Marszałek, M.; Dudek, Katarzyna; Arntzen, Jan W.; Wielstra, Ben; Babik, Wiesław

doi:10.1111/mec.16804

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Unlike our previous work on Triturus newts (Gaczorek et al, 2023), we did not find clear evidence for the varying rate of introgression between MHC classes. No significant differences were detected for allele sharing or h‐index deviations from the genome‐wide predictions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Observed patterns suggesting adaptive introgression align well with previous studies examining MHC introgression. It is the third vertebrate system, after Lissotriton (Dudek et al, 2019) and Triturus (Gaczorek et al, 2023) newts, for which the introgression in MHC was directly compared with genome‐wide markers across multiple hybrid zones. As in the current work, introgression in MHC genes was prevalent in both previous studies, suggesting its universality and adaptive character.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar caveat concerns the presence of monomorphic loci. Our previous work (Gaczorek et al, 2023) showed that the presence of low‐polymorphic genes, among others, high‐polymorphic genes, might artificially widen confidence intervals for hybrid index estimation in gene complexes with unresolved haplotypes, such as MHC. However, due to the similar per‐individual number of alleles among species, we also expect the haplotype structure to be similar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence for adaptive introgression has recently started to accumulate in several genetic systems evolving under balancing selection, such as the self‐incompatibility complex in plants (Castric et al, 2008; Glémin et al, 2005), wing pattern genes in Heliconius butterflies (Pardo‐Diaz et al, 2012) and vertebrate MHC genes (Abi‐Rached et al, 2011; Dudek et al, 2019; Gaczorek et al, 2023; Grossen et al, 2014; Hedrick, 1999; Schierup et al, 2001; Sommer, 2005). The MHC is a particularly interesting example because of its extraordinary polymorphism, its role in the adaptive immune response and its importance for conservation biology (Sommer, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widespread introgression of MHC genes in Iberian Podarcis lizards

et al. 2023

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widespread introgression of MHC genes in Iberian Podarcis lizards

et al. 2023

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“…However, introgression of MHC alleles via hybridisation of sympatric species could be a confounding factor (Nadachowska-Brzyska et al, 2012). Balancing selection and hybridisation, for example, explain MHC diversity among Eurasian newts (Dudek et al, 2019;Gaczorek et al, 2022) and green lizards (Sagonas et al, 2018) and suggest an adaptive role of introgression in maintaining genetic diversity in habitats with shared selection pressure (Marques et al, 2019). replicate in the enteric tract of many wildlife species, including bats (Drexler et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC class II genes mediate susceptibility and resistance to coronavirus infections in bats

Schmid,

Meyer,

Wilhelm

et al. 2023

Molecular Ecology

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Understanding the immunogenetic basis of coronavirus (CoV) susceptibility in major pathogen reservoirs, such as bats, is central to inferring their zoonotic potential. Members of the crypticHipposideros bat species complex differ in CoV susceptibility, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are the best understood genetic basis of pathogen resistance, and differences in MHC diversity are one possible reason for asymmetrical infection patterns among closely related species. Here, we aimed to link asymmetries in observed CoV (CoV-229E, CoV-2B and CoV-2Bbasal) susceptibility to immunogenetic differences amongst four Hipposideros bat species. From the 2072 bats assigned to their respective species using the mtDNA cytochrome b gene, members of the most numerous and ubiquitous species, Hipposideros caffer D, were most infected with CoV-229E and SARS-related CoV-2B. Using a subset of 569 bats, we determined that much of the existent allelic and functional (i.e. supertype) MHC DRB class II diversity originated from common ancestry. One MHC supertype shared amongst all species, ST12, was consistently linked to susceptibility with CoV-229E, which is closely related to the common cold agent HCoV-229E, and infected bats and those carrying ST12 had a lower body condition. The same MHC supertype was connected to resistance to CoV-2B, and bats with ST12 were less likely be co-infected with CoV-229E and CoV-2B. Our work suggests a role of immunogenetics in determining CoV susceptibility in bats. We advocate for the preservation of functional genetic and species diversity in reservoirs as a means of mitigating the risk of disease spillover.

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Immunogenetics, sylvatic plague and its vectors: insights from the pathogen reservoir Mastomys natalensis in Tanzania

Haikukutu,

Lyaku,

Lyimo

et al. 2023

Immunogenetics

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Yersinia pestis is a historically important vector-borne pathogen causing plague in humans and other mammals. Contemporary zoonotic infections with Y. pestis still occur in sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania and Madagascar, but receive relatively little attention. Thus, the role of wildlife reservoirs in maintaining sylvatic plague and spillover risks to humans is largely unknown. The multimammate rodent Mastomys natalensis is the most abundant and widespread rodent in peri-domestic areas in Tanzania, where it plays a major role as a Y. pestis reservoir in endemic foci. Yet, how M. natalensis’ immunogenetics contributes to the maintenance of plague has not been investigated to date. Here, we surveyed wild M. natalensis for Y. pestis vectors, i.e., fleas, and tested for the presence of antibodies against Y. pestis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in areas known to be endemic or without previous records of Y. pestis in Tanzania. We characterized the allelic and functional (i.e., supertype) diversity of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC class II) of M. natalensis and investigated links to Y. pestis vectors and infections. We detected antibodies against Y. pestis in rodents inhabiting both endemic areas and areas considered non-endemic. Of the 111 nucleotide MHC alleles, only DRB*016 was associated with an increased infestation with the flea Xenopsylla. Surprisingly, we found no link between MHC alleles or supertypes and antibodies of Y. pestis. Our findings hint, however, at local adaptations towards Y. pestis vectors, an observation that more exhaustive sampling could unwind in the future.

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Interspecific introgression of MHC genes in Triturus newts: Evidence from multiple contact zones

Cited by 11 publications

References 133 publications

Widespread introgression of MHC genes in Iberian Podarcis lizards

Widespread introgression of MHC genes in Iberian Podarcis lizards

MHC class II genes mediate susceptibility and resistance to coronavirus infections in bats

Immunogenetics, sylvatic plague and its vectors: insights from the pathogen reservoir Mastomys natalensis in Tanzania

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