Interspecific Differences of the Root System Structures of Four Cereal Species as Affected by Soil Compaction

Iijima, Morio; Kono, Yasuhiro

doi:10.1626/jcs.60.130

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Genotypes are ordered according to the DSI GY value (n = 4) Number of degree of freedom (df) for critical values of (r) was for maize 11 and for triticale 9 NS, r-Correlation coefficient not significant *, ** r-Correlation coefficient significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 level, respectively distribution resulted in water and nutrients being transported greater distances to the nearest roots (Tardieu 1991;Lipiec et al 1996). Drought also modifies root system components, such as the main root axis and lateral roots of different orders in rice and maize (Iijima and Kono 1991). Changes in the morphological structure of the root system in triticale and maize were also observed in our earlier studies in response to waterlogging and soil compaction (Grzesiak et al 2012).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Maize and triticale have different types of photosynthesis (C 3 -in triticale, C 4 -in maize), different metabolic pathways and structure of bundle sheath chloroplasts (Kranz syndrome). According to Iijima and Kono (1991), cereal species develop two types of root system, depending on the angle of the growth of branches (lateral roots) and their distribution in the soil profile. For triticale, the root system structure is ''concentrated'' whereas it is ''scattered'' for maize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relations between drought susceptibility index based on grain yield (DSIGY) and key physiological seedling traits in maize and triticale genotypes

et al. 2012

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The physiological reasons for the differences in sensitivity of C 3 and C 4 plant species to environmental stresses have not been thoroughly explained. In this study the effects of drought stress on the growth and selected physiological traits were examined in the seedlings of 13 single cross maize (C 4 plant) hybrids and 11 spring triticale (C 3 plant) breeding lines and varieties differing in drought sensitivity. For plants in the seedling stage the results demonstrated a genetic variation in dry matter accumulation of shoots and roots (DW S , DW R ), number (N) and length (L) of particular components (seminal, seminal adventitious, nodal) of the root system, membrane injury by soil drought (LI D ), osmotic and high temperature stress (LI OS , LI HT ), water potential (w), water loss (WL), grain germination in osmotic stress (FG, PI), and seedling survival (SS). Seedlings grown under moderate soil drought showed a decrease in dry matter of the top parts and roots and a decrease in the length of seminal, seminal adventitious and nodal roots in comparison to seedlings grown in control conditions. The observed harmful effects of drought stress were more distinct in drought sensitive genotypes. Used in this paper drought susceptibility indexes (DSI GY ) were calculated in other experiment by determining the changes in grain yield (GY) under two soil moisture levels (irrigated and drought). The variation of DSI GY for maize ranges from 0.381 to 0.650 and for triticale from 0.354 to 0.578. The correlations between DSI GY and laboratory tests (LI, FG, SS) confirmed that they are good indicators of drought tolerance in plants. The highest values of genetic variation were observed in LI, DW S , SS and WL and the lowest in the measurements of w FG, PI, L S , L SA and L N . The correlation coefficients between LI OS and LI HT tests were, in most of the considered cases, statistically significant, which indicates that in maize and triticale the mechanisms of membrane injury caused by simulated drought or high temperature are physiologically similar. It can be concluded that an approach to the breeding of maize and triticale for drought tolerance using these tests can be implemented on the basis of separate selection for each trait or for all of them simultaneously. In that case, it would be necessary to determine the importance of the trait in relation to growth phase, drought timing and level, as well as its associations with morphological traits contributing to drought tolerance. The obtained values of the correlation coefficient between laboratory tests suggest that the same physiological traits may be applied as selection criteria in drought tolerance of maize and triticale genotypes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relations between drought susceptibility index based on grain yield (DSIGY) and key physiological seedling traits in maize and triticale genotypes

et al. 2012

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“…Alguns autores relataram que, tanto em condições de vaso (Silva et al, 1992;Rosolem et al 1994a,b), em experimentos de curta duração, como no campo (Iijima & Kono, 1991), as raízes têm dificuldade em penetrar verticalmente em camadas de solo compactadas, causando maior desenvolvimento na camada suprajacente.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Este fenômeno, dependendo da planta, leva a diferentes comportamentos. Em algumas espécies, há um desvio no crescimento das raízes, que passam a ter maior crescimento lateral, paralelo à superfície do solo (Iijima & Kono, 1991). Em outras espécies, há um aumento no diâmetro das raízes, resultando em aumento na pressão de crescimento, propiciando a penetração na camada compactada (Materechera et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Crescimento radicular de espécies utilizadas como cobertura decorrente da compactação do solo

Silva

Rosolem

2001

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOO experimento foi realizado em vasos com terra proveniente de um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro textura franco-arenosa, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da compactação subsuperficial do solo no crescimento radicular de seis espécies utilizadas para cobertura em sistemas de semeadura direta (aveia preta, guandu, milheto, mucuna preta, sorgo granífero e tremoço azul). Os tratamentos foram constituídos por três densidades do solo: 1,12, 1,36 e 1,60 Mg m -3 , aplicadas a 15 cm de profundidade. As espécies foram cultivadas durante 37 a 39 dias, quando então foram colhidas, avaliando-se a produção de matéria seca, comprimento e diâmetro das raízes em cada camada do vaso, bem como a matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas. Os estados de compactação impostos em subsuperfície não impediram o crescimento de raízes de aveia preta, guandu, milheto, mucuna preta, sorgo e tremoço azul, indicando que, em solo arenoso, a densidade crítica para essas espécies é superior a 1,6 Mg m -3 (correspondente à resistência à penetração de 1,22 MPa). O milheto apresentou-se como a espécie mais indicada para cobertura, por suas características de produção de matéria seca e crescimento radicular.Termos de indexação: densidades do solo, gramíneas, leguminosas.

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“…Thus, soil resistance to penetration increases (MEROTTO;MUNDSTOCK, 1999), which can undermine the preferential direction of root growth (IIJIMA; KONO, 1991). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root system and resistance to penetration of Mombaça grass fertilized with nitrogen and irrigated

Beloni¹,

Piotto²,

Mari³

et al. 2016

SCA

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High stocking rates in intensive pasture-based animal production systems may compromise the development of the forage roots due to increased resistance in the surface layer. This study tested the hypothesis that an increase in stocking rate resulting from different levels of nitrogen fertilization in irrigated Mombaça grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Mombaça) pasture under intermittent grazing could increase resistance to penetration and consequently the growth of the root system. A split-plot design with randomized blocks and subplots was used, including three replications and the following four treatments: 0, 200, 400 and 800 kg N ha −1 year. Evaluations performed in spring, summer and fall seasons were assigned as subplots. The highest values for area, diameter, length and percentage of root biomass (91.4%) were concentrated at the 0-10 cm soil depth, which is explained by the lower penetration resistance in this layer. Increased stocking rate resulting from increased levels of nitrogen in the Mombaça grass sward does not directly affect the penetration resistance of the soil or root characteristics. However, in the rainy season, higher nitrogen levels lead to increased resistance, as they provide higher cumulative stocking rates in this period. Key words: Irrigation. Nitrogen fertilization. Panicum maximum. Soil compaction. ResumoElevadas taxas de lotação em sistemas intensivos de produção animal a pasto podem comprometer o desenvolvimento das raízes de forrageiras, devido ao aumento da resistência do solo na camada superficial. Neste estudo testou-se a hipótese que o aumento da lotação animal devido a diferentes doses de nitrogênio em pasto de capim-Mombaça (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv Mombaça), irrigado e sob pastejo intermitente poderiam comprometer a resistência à penetração e consequentemente o crescimento do sistema radicular. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições e quatro tratamentos: 0, 200, 400 e 800 kg de N ha −1 ano. Nas subparcelas foram consideradas as quatro estações do ano. As características geométricas (área,

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Interspecific Differences of the Root System Structures of Four Cereal Species as Affected by Soil Compaction

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

The relations between drought susceptibility index based on grain yield (DSIGY) and key physiological seedling traits in maize and triticale genotypes

The relations between drought susceptibility index based on grain yield (DSIGY) and key physiological seedling traits in maize and triticale genotypes

Crescimento radicular de espécies utilizadas como cobertura decorrente da compactação do solo

Root system and resistance to penetration of Mombaça grass fertilized with nitrogen and irrigated

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