Interspecific Competitive Interactions and the Maintenance of Genotypic Variation within Two Perennial Grasses

Kelley, Steven E.; Clay, Keith

doi:10.2307/2408975

Cited by 55 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Many of them belong to a general family, known as the power family of transformations (Box and Cox, 1964). Among these, the most commonly used are the logarithmic and the square root transformations and in fact, many analyses of larval competition make use of one or the other (Mather and Caligari, 1981;Mather et aL, 1982;Kelley, 1985;Kelley and Clay, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the analysis of viability data: an example with Drosophila

et al. 1990

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Larval competition experiments involving two wild type and eight mutant strains of Drosophila melanogaster have been carried out following the substitution procedure proposed by Mather and Caligari (1981). Our main goal has been to compare the competitive abilities of two phenotypically indistinguishable strains (wild and Oregon-R) by means of their responses with eight different mutants. Prior to the analyses of viability data, we have studied the normalizing effect of several transformations in order to determine which was best suited for the analyses. The differences found among the five transformations tested and the untransformed data were not very great. The folded power transformation (Mosteller and Tukey, 1977) was finally chosen.No constant pattern in the responses of the two wild type strains to the mutant competitors was detected. This leads us to conclude that the nature of the competition between the two wild type strains cannot be predicted from a knowledge of their competition with other strains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the analysis of viability data: an example with Drosophila

et al. 1990

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“…Fungal mfection of Danthonia and the concomitant loss of seed production may be of little detriment where cieistogamous seeds are the primary source of reproduction. There may also be advantages of infection given that infected D. spicata grows faster (Leuchtmann & Clay, 1988), has higher survival and competitive abilities (Clay, 1984;Kelley & Clay, 1987), and is more resistant to herbivore attack (Cheplick & Clay, 1988;Clay, 1990a) than uninfected plants. Seedling establishment and habitat features may therefore interact with seed transmission of Atkinsonella to determine, in part, the dynamics of fungal infection within plant populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diehl and eastern North American taxa of the grass genus Danthonia. Atkinsonella is classified, like Epichloe, in the tribe Balansieae, family Clavicipitaceae (Diehl, 1950), Danthonia and Atkinsonella exhibit an unusual relationship, with aspects of both mutualism (greater host competitive ability, growth, sur\'ival, and insect resistance) and antagonism (reduced host fertility) (Clay, 1984;Kelley & Clay, 1987;Cheplick & Clay, 1988). Seed transmission of Atkinsonella in Danthonia grasses is distinctly different from that of £".…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hereditary symbiosis in the grass genus Danthonia

Clay

1994

New Phytologist

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SUMM.'\RYHereditary svTnbiosis between the systemic, clavicipitaceous fungus Atkinsonella hypoxylon (Pk.) Diehl and five taxa of eastern North American Danthonia (Poaceae) was investigated by cultural and histological techniques. Many species of Danthonia, including D. alleni (or D. spicata var. alleni), D. compressa, D. epilis. D. scricea, and D. spicata produce both terminal panicles of wind-pollinated florets and obligately se!f-pollinated cleistogamous florets in the lower leaf axils, unlike most grasses. Terminal florets are aborted by infection while the basal florets produce viable, infected seeds (caryopses). The fungus grew out of surface-sterilized cleistogamous seeds and seedlings at high frequency in progenies from infected plants but not from uninfected plants. Infection of seeds from terniinal panicles from apparently healthy plants was tacking in 11 of 13 population samples from all taxa and was infrequent in two other populations. Growth chamber tests indicated that germination rates of infected and uninfected seeds of D. epilis were similar. Microscopic observations of sections of seeds and seedlings revealed that the fungus occurred epiphytically on meristems, in leaf axils, and on leaf primordia. Because infected plants are partially fertile, the fungus may be repeatedly transmitted for many generations via self-fertilized cleistogamous seeds. The basal, and often subterranean, location of cleistogamous seeds may facilitate high infection frequencies in those Danthnnia populations where cleistogamous seedling establishment predominates.

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“…Kelley (1985), Antonovics et al (1987), 'and Kelley and Clay (1987) (Hedin 1986). It is an "increaser species" under close grazing in dry pastures and an invader of abandoned fields (Dore and McNeill 1980).…”

Section: Population Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Philipson (1986b) (Clay 1984, 7987a;Kelley and Clay 1987), greater seed set (Clay 1987a), greater seedling survival (Clay 1984(Clay , 1987a, wider range ofresponses to environmental heterogeneitl, (Antonovics et al 1987 ;Kelley and Clay 1987), and greater resistance to herbivory compared with uninfected clones (Cheplick and Clay (1988) see also reviews by Clay (1987b and Siegel et al (1987)). …”

Section: Population Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 92. Danthonia spicata (L.) BEAUV. IN ROEM. & SCHULT.

Darbyshire¹,

Cayouette²

1989

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Danthonia spicata, poverty-oat grass, is a native North American perennial grass of pioneer habitats. It invades agricultural lands in eastern Canada with dry soil and low fertility. Unpalatable to livestock, it is an increaser species in heavily grazed or nutrient depleted pasture. A polymorphic reproductive system incorporates chasmogamy, cleistogamy and heteromorphic diaspores (dispersal unit). Clavicipitaceous fungal parasites are often present and affect productivity, reproduction, competitive fitness and possibly predation of their hosts.Key words: Danthonia spicata, Poverty oat grass, weed biology

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Interspecific Competitive Interactions and the Maintenance of Genotypic Variation within Two Perennial Grasses

Cited by 55 publications

References 26 publications

On the analysis of viability data: an example with Drosophila

On the analysis of viability data: an example with Drosophila

Hereditary symbiosis in the grass genus Danthonia

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 92. Danthonia spicata (L.) BEAUV. IN ROEM. & SCHULT.

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