Interrogative suggestibility, anxiety and dissociation among anxious patients and normal controls

Wolfradt, Uwe; Meyer, Thomas

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(98)00023-3

Cited by 67 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These results, although contrary to those obtained by the author, are consistent with other studies that also point to a lack of relationship between suggestibility and anxiety in normal samples (see Gudjonsson, 2003, for a review; Polczyk, 2005;Wolfradt & Meyer, 1998). Gudjonsson (2003) considers that these different results are justified by the methodology used.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…There were no significant relationships between anxiety and suggestibility. These results are in line with other studies that point to a lack of relationship between suggestibility and anxiety in normal samples (Polczyk, 2005;Wolfradt & Meyer, 1998). As for the relationships between age and interrogative suggestibility, ANCOVA confirmed that the increased suggestibility in old age was not due to age differences but rather to the limited memory capacity of the older adults group.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Portuguese adaptation of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (GSS1 and GSS2): Empirical findings

Pires

Silva

Ferreira

2013

Personality and Individual Differences

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In study 1 (n = 51, M age = 21.4 years, SD = 5.7), the validity of the Portuguese adaptation of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (Pires, 2011) was shown through the comparison of means of the original (Gudjonsson, 1997) and the translated scales and the analysis of the correlations between the GSS1 and GSS2 scores. The relationships between interrogative suggestibility and the big five were also addressed and the results point to independence between suggestibility and personality, which is in line with Polczyk's findings (2005). Study 2 (n = 87, M age = 48.9 years, SD = 20.7) explored the relationships among interrogative suggestibility, the state-trait anxiety and demographic variables (i.e., age and gender). There were no significant relationships between anxiety and suggestibility. These results are in line with other studies that point to a lack of relationship between suggestibility and anxiety in normal samples (Polczyk, 2005;Wolfradt & Meyer, 1998). As for the relationships between age and interrogative suggestibility, ANCOVA confirmed that the increased suggestibility in old age was not due to age differences but rather to the limited memory capacity of the older adults group. There were no significant gender differences in the GSS1 subscales.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Portuguese adaptation of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (GSS1 and GSS2): Empirical findings

Pires

Silva

Ferreira

2013

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…For example, Wolfradt and Meyer (1998) reported a correlation of r ϭ .75 (p Ͻ .001) between the DES and trait anxiety, and Condon and Lynn (in press) reported a correlation of r ϭ .40 (p Ͻ .001) between the DES II and depression, a condition highly associated with negative emotionality. Accordingly, dissociation appears to be a nonspecific marker of negative emotionality, although the reasons for this association require further research to ascertain.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trauma model of dissociation: Inconvenient truths and stubborn fictions. Comment on Dalenberg et al. (2012).

Lynn

Lilienfeld

Merckelbach

et al. 2014

Psychological Bulletin

128

130

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Dalenberg et al. (2012) argued that convincing evidence (a) supports the longstanding trauma model (TM), which posits that early trauma plays a key role in the genesis of dissociation; and (b) refutes the fantasy model (FM), which posits that fantasy proneness, suggestibility, cognitive failures, and other variables foster dissociation. We review evidence bearing on Dalenberg et al.'s 8 predictions and find them largely wanting in empirical support. We contend that the authors repeat errors committed by many previous proponents of the TM, such as attributing a central etiological role to trauma in the absence of sufficient evidence. Specifically, Dalenberg et al. leap too quickly from correlational data to causal conclusions, do not adequately consider the lack of corroboration of abuse in many studies, and underestimate the relation between dissociation and false memories. Nevertheless, we identify points of agreement between the TM and FM regarding potential moderators and mediators of dissociative symptoms (e.g., family environment, biological vulnerabilities) and the hypothesis that dissociative identity disorder is a disorder of self-understanding. We acknowledge that trauma may play a causal role in dissociation but that this role is less central and specific than Dalenberg et al. contend. Finally, although a key assumption of the TM is dissociative amnesia, the notion that people can encode traumatic experiences without being able to recall them lacks strong empirical support. Accordingly, we conclude that the field should now abandon the simple trauma-dissociation model and embrace multifactorial models that accommodate the diversity of causes of dissociation and dissociative disorders.Keywords: dissociation, dissociative disorder, dissociative identity disorder, trauma, sociocognitive modelThe notion that people dissociate to cope with trauma has its roots in the writings of Janet (1889/1973). This trauma model (TM) remains influential among some clinical scholars (e.g., Dalenberg et al., 2012), who contend that trauma is the key player in the genesis of dissociation. Nevertheless, as we discuss later, advocates of the TM have often neglected to articulate trauma's precise role in the cause of dissociation. Critics of the TM (e.g., Giesbrecht, Lynn, Lilienfeld, & Merckelbach, 2008, 2010Lynn, Lilienfeld, Merckelbach, Giesbrecht, & van der Kloet, 2012;Pope & Hudson, 1995) Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Steven Jay Lynn, Psychology Department, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY 13902. E-mail: stevenlynn100@gmail.com This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.Psychological Bulletin © 2014 American Psychological Association 2014 0033-2909/14/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/a0035570 896 etiology of dissociation and dissociative disorders. 1 An early alternative to the TM, the sociocognitive model (SCM; Lili...

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“…This scale taps two dierent aspects of interrogative suggestibility, namely susceptibility to misleading information (i.e., Yield) and the tendency to change responses under conditions of social pressure (i.e., Shift). So far, only one study (Wolfradt & Meyer, 1998) systematically looked at the connection between dissociation and interrogative suggestibility. In that study, the DES and GSS were administered to a sample of anxiety disordered patients and normal controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More speci®cally, the study sought to replicate the ®ndings of Wolfradt and Meyer (1998). In addition, it addressed the issue of whether self-reported cognitive eciency may operate as mediating variable between dissociation and suggestibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociative experiences and interrogative suggestibility in college students

Muris

Rassin

Horselenberg

2000

Personality and Individual Differences

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The present study examined whether scores on the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) are related to interrogative suggestibility, as measured by the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale (GSS-1). In addition, an attempt was made to identify factors that may mediate this relationship. The DES and GSS were administered to a sample of 56 female undergraduate students along with self-report measures of cognitive failures and fantasy proneness. DES and cognitive failures were found to be related to total GSS scores. In contrast, fantasy proneness was not linked to total GSS scores. Correcting for the in¯uence of cognitive failures attenuated the correlation between DES and GSS. This suggests that cognitive eciency is one of the mediating factors operating in the connection between dissociation and interrogative suggestibility. 7

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Interrogative suggestibility, anxiety and dissociation among anxious patients and normal controls

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

Portuguese adaptation of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (GSS1 and GSS2): Empirical findings

Portuguese adaptation of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (GSS1 and GSS2): Empirical findings

The trauma model of dissociation: Inconvenient truths and stubborn fictions. Comment on Dalenberg et al. (2012).

Dissociative experiences and interrogative suggestibility in college students

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