Interrogation of Extrinsic Fabry–Perot Sensors Using Path-Matched Differential Interferometry and Phase Generated Carrier Technique

Wang, Fuyin; Xie, Jing; Hu, Zhengliang; Xiong, Shuidong; Luo, Hong; Hu, Yongming

doi:10.1109/jlt.2014.2379943

“…To obtain a resolution of , an interrogation readout is required that can detect displacements with a resolution down to . State-of-the-art interferometric readout units 38 , 39 and even commercially available units 40 , 41 can typically provide such resolution (or better). Finally, to achieve a settling time lower than 1 s, a damping ratio higher than 0.0064 is required.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opto-mechanical lab-on-fibre seismic sensors detected the Norcia earthquake

Pisco

¹

,

Bruno

²

,

Galluzzo

³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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We have designed and developed lab-on-fibre seismic sensors containing a micro-opto-mechanical cavity on the fibre tip. The mechanical cavity is designed as a double cantilever suspended on the fibre end facet and connected to a proof mass to tune its response. Ground acceleration leads to displacement of the cavity length, which in turn can be remotely detected using an interferometric interrogation technique. After the sensors characterization, an experimental validation was conducted at the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), which is responsible for seismic surveillance over the Italian country. The fabricated sensors have been continuously used for long periods to demonstrate their effectiveness as seismic accelerometer sensors. During the tests, fibre optic seismic accelerometers clearly detected the seismic sequence that culminated in the severe Mw6.5 Norcia earthquake that struck central Italy on October 30, 2016. The seismic data provided by the optical sensors were analysed by specialists at the INGV. The wave traces were compared with state-of-the-art traditional sensors typically incorporated into the INGV seismic networks. The comparison verifies the high fidelity of the optical sensors in seismic wave detection, indicating their suitability for a novel class of seismic sensors to be employed in practical scenarios.

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“…. State-of-the-art interferometric readout units 38,39 and even commercially available units 40,41 can typically provide such resolution (or better). Finally, to achieve a settling time lower than 1 s, a damping ratio higher than 0.0064 is required.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opto-mechanical lab-on-fibre seismic sensors detected the Norcia earthquake

Pisco

¹

,

Bruno

²

,

Galluzzo

³

et al. 2018

26th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors

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We have designed and developed lab-on-fibre seismic sensors containing a micro-opto-mechanical cavity on the fibre tip. The mechanical cavity is designed as a double cantilever suspended on the fibre end facet and connected to a proof mass to tune its response. Ground acceleration leads to displacement of the cavity length, which in turn can be remotely detected using an interferometric interrogation technique. After the sensors characterization, an experimental validation was conducted at the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), which is responsible for seismic surveillance over the Italian country. The fabricated sensors have been continuously used for long periods to demonstrate their effectiveness as seismic accelerometer sensors. During the tests, fibre optic seismic accelerometers clearly detected the seismic sequence that culminated in the severe Mw6.5 Norcia earthquake that struck central Italy on October 30, 2016. The seismic data provided by the optical sensors were analysed by specialists at the INGV. The wave traces were compared with stateof-the-art traditional sensors typically incorporated into the INGV seismic networks. The comparison verifies the high fidelity of the optical sensors in seismic wave detection, indicating their suitability for a novel class of seismic sensors to be employed in practical scenarios. Earthquakes occur frequently worldwide. Seismic events with various intensities are continuously revealed by seismic stations located in various parts of the world 1. Most earthquakes cause vibrations that cannot be perceived by humans. However, the release of elastic energy associated with some earthquakes can generate seismic waves with sufficient force to damage buildings or trigger catastrophic collapses 2. During only the past ten years, several devastating earthquakes have occurred 3. Although earthquakes occur worldwide, most are concentrated in high seismic risk zones located at tectonic plate boundaries. Italy, for example, lies at the contact point between tectonic plates, where intense tectonic movements currently induce seismic activity in geographical correspondence with the Apennine Mountains. As a consequence, strong earthquakes frequently strike central Italy (

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“…Compared to intensity demodulation, there is no strict limitation on the cavity length, and the intensity fluctuation has little effect on the demodulation performance, so the phase demodulation can be universally applied. Many schemes, such as the fringe detection method [36], spectrum transform method [37], cross-correlation cavity length matching algorithm [38], path-matched interferometry method [39,40], and so on, are proposed to implement phase demodulation. But most of these methods' demodulation speed is low, which makes them more suitable for static pressure measurement.…”

Section: Phase Demodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews on Corrugated Diaphragms in Miniature Fiber-Optic Pressure Sensors

Li

¹

,

Dai

²

,

Zheng

³

et al. 2019

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Corrugated diaphragms (CDs) have been widely used in many fields because of their higher pressure sensitivity and wider linear range compared to flat diaphragms (FDs) in the same circumstances. Especially in the application of miniature fiber-optic pressure sensors, the introduction of the corrugated structure gives the sensor high sensitivity, large dynamic range, good linearity, small hysteresis, good stability, and so on. Research on CD-based miniature fiber-optic pressure sensors has gradually attracted more attention in recent years. In this paper, the principles of operation of a miniature fiber-optic pressure sensor are briefly introduced, then the mechanical properties of FD and CD, as well as their influences on the performance of the sensor, are analyzed in detail. The application status of CDs in miniature fiber-optic pressure sensors is reviewed, and our conclusions and the prospects for the application of CDs in miniature fiber-optic pressure sensors are given finally.

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Interrogation of Extrinsic Fabry–Perot Sensors Using Path-Matched Differential Interferometry and Phase Generated Carrier Technique

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Opto-mechanical lab-on-fibre seismic sensors detected the Norcia earthquake

Opto-mechanical lab-on-fibre seismic sensors detected the Norcia earthquake

Opto-mechanical lab-on-fibre seismic sensors detected the Norcia earthquake

Reviews on Corrugated Diaphragms in Miniature Fiber-Optic Pressure Sensors

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