Interrelationships between maternal and neonatal factors and thermoregulation in fasted neonatal swine (Sus domesticus)

Stanton, H.C.; Brown, L. Jackson; Mueller, R.L.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(73)90373-3

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They found that after an initial drop, the RT of piglets rose to its final level in 2-10 days, and that both the extent of the initial fall and the rate of the subsequent rise depended on the environmental temperature. In the present study, exposure to 18-20 °C handicapped small piglets more than larger animals in pre venting RT fall at birth, in good accordance with the results of Stanton et al [38] and Berbigier et al [5]. This impairment of smallsized piglets in maintaining body tempera ture is usually explained by a higher ratio of surface area to body mass.…”

Section: Thermoregulationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Colostrum Intake and Thermoregulation in the Neonatal Pig in Relation to Environmental Temperature

1981

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Colostrum consumption and rectal temperature (RT) have been measured on piglets kept at 18–20 °C (CG = cold group) and at 30–32 °C (WG = warm group) during the first day of life. At an ambient temperature of 18–20 °C, piglets consumed 36.8% less (p < 0.01) colostrum than their littermates at 30–32 °C. There was a positive correlation between birth weight and colostrum intake in both groups of piglets. From birth weight and weight gain measurements, colostrum intake could be accurately predicted (R2 = 0.75). RT of piglets significantly dropped after birth and subsequently rose, the extent of the initial fall and the rate of the subsequent rise depended on the environmental temperature. RT of CG remained significantly lower than that of WG, and a further significant decrease was found from 15 h after birth in CG. At 18–20 °C, a progressive decline of the effect of birth weight and a concomitant increase in the effect of colostrum intake on RT was found, whereas in WG, RT was influenced by neither birth weight nor colostrum intake. 5 of the 39 CG died within 3 days after birth, while all 41 WG survived. Results provide evidence for cold stress as a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonatal pigs.

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Section: Thermoregulationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Colostrum Intake and Thermoregulation in the Neonatal Pig in Relation to Environmental Temperature

1981

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“…Plasma glucose concentrations at birth were higher in the less viable piglets, the highly asphyxiated piglets, and the piglets dying before 10 d of age than in respective control animals. Higher blood glucose concentrations have also been reported in stillborn and weakborn piglets (Svendsen et al, 1986;Lauterbach et al, 1987), in piglets born during the latter stages of farrowing (Stanton et al, 1973), and in neonatal rats (Jansen et al, 1984) and calves (Edwards and Silver, 1969) during temporary asphyxia at birth. The pronounced rise in plasma glucose during neonatal asphyxia could be primarily caused by the huge release of catecholamines and associated stimulation of liver glycogenolysis (Randall, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Prolonged or intermittent asphyxia in utero and during delivery does not necessarily lead to intrapartum stillbirth; however, such asphyxia weakens piglets and renders them less capable of adaptation to extra-uterine life. Indeed, liveborn piglets dying before 3 wk of age have higher blood lactate levels at birth than those surviving after this age (English and Wilkinson, 1982), and the ability to thermoregulate during an acute cold stress is inversely related to umbilical blood lactate levels (Stanton et al, 1973). The relationships between degree of hypoxia at birth and subsequent survival and vitality, however, have not been clearly established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the level of asphyxia during delivery on viability at birth and early postnatal vitality of newborn pigs.

Herpin

Dividich

Hulin

et al. 1996

Journal of Animal Science

217

193

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Newborn pigs (n = 117) were used to provide information on the relationships of degree of asphyxia during delivery, viability at birth, and some striking aspects of postnatal vitality including survival, interval between birth and first udder contact and between birth and first suckling, rectal temperature at 24 h of life (RT24), and growth rate over the first 10 d of life. The degree of asphyxia at birth was estimated from cord blood pCO2, pH, and lactate levels. Onset of respiration, heart rate, skin color, and attempts to stand during the first minute after birth were used to estimate the viability score. Neonatal asphyxia, i.e., decreased blood pH and increased blood pCO2 and lactate, was associated with the production of unusually high levels of catecholamines. The degree of asphyxia increased with late position in the birth order (P < .01) and was higher in piglets born posteriorly (P < 0.5). Further, the average blood pCO2 within a litter increased (P < .05) with litter size. The was an inverse relationship between the degree of asphyxia and the viability score (P < .001). Highly viable piglets reached the udder more rapidly (P < .001) and had a higher RT24 (P < .001) than those of low viability. Plasma glucose concentrations increased with blood pCO2 and plasma epinephrine concentrations (P < .001). Neonatal asphyxia reduced postnatal vitality by delaying the first contact with the udder (P < .03) and was associated with a lower RT24 (P < .05), growth rate (P < .001), and survival over 10 d (P < 0.06). These variables, i.e., interval between birth and first udder contact, RT24, and growth rate, were correlated with birth weight (P < .001); RT24 was also shown to decrease (P < .001) with the time taken to reach the udder. Overall, results suggest that piglet suffering from asphyxia during delivery are less viable at birth and less prone to adapt to extrauterine life.

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“…Viability score based on heart rate, colour, muscle tone, respiration, and attempts to stand was correlated with pH (r : 0.82, P -0.0001), pCOr(r:-0.85,P:0.0001),andpO20:0.27,P:0.0001)inl2l7neonatalpiglets,indicating that viability score is an excellent measure of the extent of asphyxia suffered by piglets during parturition. (Stanton et al 1973), position in the parameters during storage. birth order, and direction of piglet movement Measures of viability were compared using (Edwards and Furniss 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures of viability, such as piglet viability by comparing it to blood pH, thermoregulatory capacity and time to first pO2, and pCO2. The second was to detersuckle, are affected by body weight and com-mine the stability of neonatal piglet blood gas position (Stanton et al 1973), position in the parameters during storage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of viability scoring and blood gas analysis as measures of piglet viability

Zaleski¹,

Hacker²

1993

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. Comparison of viability scoring and blood gas analysis as measures of piglet viability. Can. J. Anim. . Viability score based on heart rate, colour, muscle tone, respiration, and attempts to stand was correlated with pH (r : 0.82, P -0.0001), pCOr(r:-0.85,P:0.0001),andpO20:0.27,P:0.0001)inl2l7neonatalpiglets,indicating that viability score is an excellent measure of the extent of asphyxia suffered by piglets during parturition. (Stanton et al. 1973), position in the parameters during storage. birth order, and direction of piglet movement Measures of viability were compared using (Edwards and Furniss 1988). To overcome l2l7 full-term piglets farrowed naturally by these limitations, a viability score based on 101 multiparous Yorkshire sows at the Arkeil heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, colour, Swine Research Station. As each piglet was and time to stand was suggested by Randall born, the time was recorded, the umbilical (191I). Although viability score is related to cord was checked, and the heart rate was blood gas parameters (Randall 197

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Interrelationships between maternal and neonatal factors and thermoregulation in fasted neonatal swine (Sus domesticus)

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Colostrum Intake and Thermoregulation in the Neonatal Pig in Relation to Environmental Temperature

Colostrum Intake and Thermoregulation in the Neonatal Pig in Relation to Environmental Temperature

Effects of the level of asphyxia during delivery on viability at birth and early postnatal vitality of newborn pigs.

Comparison of viability scoring and blood gas analysis as measures of piglet viability

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