Interrelationship between COVID-19 and Coagulopathy: Pathophysiological and Clinical Evidence

Ragnoli, Beatrice; Re, Beatrice Da; Galantino, Alessandra; Kette, Stefano; Salotti, Andrea; Malerba, Mario

doi:10.3390/ijms24108945

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Some important markers of these events are interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet (Plt), and leukocyte (WBC) count. 20 In the present study, we found an increase of IL- 2D).…”

Section: Hpse and Mmps Levels In The Serum Of Covid-19 And Non-covid-...supporting

confidence: 63%

Heparanase‐1 and MMPs in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia

Masola,

Marrone,

Condoluci

et al. 2024

Proteoglycan Research

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Together with the ACE2 protein, heparan sulfate present at the level of the glycocalyx in the lung epithelia is considered a cellular “co‐receptor” for the viral spike protein that allows severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV) to infect cells. An increase in the amount and activity of heparanase‐1 (HPSE), the only enzyme capable of degrading the heparan sulfate (HS) chains of the glycocalyx and of the extracellular matrix, has been described in the plasma of patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19). Furthermore, the activity of matrix metalloproteases, or MMPs, has been related to matrix degradation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in Covid‐19 patients. In this study, we enrolled 26 Covid‐19 patients and 15 controls with diagnosis of non‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐related pneumonia. We evaluated the expression and activity of HPSE and the expression of MMPs in their serum together with other clinical markers of disease and inflammation. Results proved that HPSE expression and activity serum levels were significantly increased, whereas MMP2 and 9 were decreased in Covid‐19 versus non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia patients. In addition, IL‐6 levels were higher, whereas platelet and white blood cells were lower in Covid‐19 with respect to non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia. Moreover, MMP9 but not HPSE (expression and activity) levels were increased in Covid‐19 pneumonia patients with ongoing lung alteration over time. In summary, the present findings indicate that HPSE and MMPs are differentially regulated in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia.

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Section: Hpse and Mmps Levels In The Serum Of Covid-19 And Non-covid-...supporting

confidence: 63%

Heparanase‐1 and MMPs in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia

Masola,

Marrone,

Condoluci

et al. 2024

Proteoglycan Research

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“…A dysregulated immune response is typified by altered transcriptional patterns and heightened inflammatory markers, and it can last up to six months. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and cytotoxic CD4+ T-cells are two characteristics of severe COVID-19 that are still present in PASC [ 119 ]. In addition to their ability to facilitate viral coinfections and be associated with persistent symptoms, chronic inflammation, and monocyte activation can contribute to immunopathology.…”

Section: Implications Of Altered Molecular Processes In Long Covid Sy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID: Molecular Mechanisms and Detection Techniques

Constantinescu-Bercu,

Lobiuc,

Căliman-Sturdza

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Long COVID, also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), has emerged as a significant health concern following the COVID-19 pandemic. Molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of long COVID include viral persistence, immune dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, and neurological involvement, and highlight the need for further research to develop targeted therapies for this condition. While a clearer picture of the clinical symptomatology is shaping, many molecular mechanisms are yet to be unraveled, given their complexity and high level of interaction with other metabolic pathways. This review summarizes some of the most important symptoms and associated molecular mechanisms that occur in long COVID, as well as the most relevant molecular techniques that can be used in understanding the viral pathogen, its affinity towards the host, and the possible outcomes of host-pathogen interaction.

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“…A Itália foi um dos países mais afetados no início da propagação desta infecção. A doença causada por este vírus foi denominada Doença do Coronavírus 2019 , que ainda representa um desafio crítico para a comunidade de saúde mundial, apesar da redução da mortalidade após a campanha global de vacinação (Ragnoli et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Hipercoagulabilidade e eventos trombóticos nas infecções por SARS-CoV-2 grave

Sato,

Camargo,

Martins

et al. 2023

RSD

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A patologia COVID-19 causada pela infecção do vírus SARS-CoV-2 se manifesta principalmente com sintomas do trato respiratório. Entretanto, vários estudos demonstram características de uma enfermidade sistêmica com repercussões nos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório, gastrointestinal, neurológico, hematopoiético e imunológico. No processo de homeostasia, a coagulação representa um mecanismo de defesa do organismo, porém em alguns indivíduos ocorre exacerbação deste processo dando origem a complicações correlatas a hipercoagulabilidade e eventos tromboembólicos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura através da extração dos dados, análises, sínteses dos resultados e conclusão de artigos já publicados entre os anos de 2020 a 2023. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: Lilacs, PubMed, IBECS e MedLine por meio da biblioteca virtual de saúde. O objetivo do trabalho é realizar uma análise através de revisões de artigos científicos sobre a relação do estado de hipercoagulabilidade em pacientes com SARS-CoV-2 grave, visto que existe uma incidência relativamente alta de evento trombótico e tromboembólico como complicação da doença. Entende-se que a infecção pelo vírus causador da COVID-19 pode levar a um estado de hipercoagulabilidade, em que ocorre um aumento dos níveis séricos de fibrinogênio, dímero D e alguns fatores da coagulação, favorecendo à eventos tromboembólicos, o que ressalta a necessidade de investigação, prevenção e tratamento destes, por apresentarem elevada morbidade e mortalidade.

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Interrelationship between COVID-19 and Coagulopathy: Pathophysiological and Clinical Evidence

Cited by 14 publications

References 165 publications

Heparanase‐1 and MMPs in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia

Heparanase‐1 and MMPs in Covid‐19 and non‐Covid‐19 pneumonia

Long COVID: Molecular Mechanisms and Detection Techniques

Hipercoagulabilidade e eventos trombóticos nas infecções por SARS-CoV-2 grave

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