Interrelations between sea urchins and spiny lobsters in northeastern New Zealand

Andrew, Neil L.; MacDiarmid, A

doi:10.3354/meps070211

Cited by 61 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Jasus edwardsii can take between 7 (males) and 15 (females) years to grow from immature size (85-89 mm carapace length) to 130 mm carapace length (33). Predator size can be as important as prey size for the predation effects described above, because until enough individual predators reach this critical size they will be unlikely to significantly affect prey populations (30,34). Time lags in the response of herbivorous fish populations in the Philippines may be due to similar processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Babcock

Shears

Alcala

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

493

554

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decadal-scale observations of marine reserves suggest that indirect effects on taxa that occur through cascading trophic interactions take longer to develop than direct effects on target species. Combining and analyzing a unique set of long-term time series of ecologic data in and out of fisheries closures from disparate regions, we found that the time to initial detection of direct effects on target species (±SE) was 5.13 ± 1.9 years, whereas initial detection of indirect effects on other taxa, which were often trait mediated, took significantly longer (13.1 ± 2.0 years). Most target species showed initial direct effects, but their trajectories over time were highly variable. Many target species continued to increase, some leveled off, and others decreased. Decreases were due to natural fluctuations, fishing impacts from outside reserves, or indirect effects from target species at higher trophic levels. The average duration of stable periods for direct effects was 6.2 ± 1.2 years, even in studies of more than 15 years. For indirect effects, stable periods averaged 9.1 ± 1.6 years, although this was not significantly different from direct effects. Populations of directly targeted species were more stable in reserves than in fished areas, suggesting increased ecologic resilience. This is an important benefit of marine reserves with respect to their function as a tool for conservation and restoration. T he current global trend to increase the number of no-take marine reserves is a phenomenon with complex ecologic, scientific, and socioeconomic dimensions (1-3). Stakeholders want to know how rapidly changes will occur after protection, even if natural variability can be large and difficult to predict. Patterns of variation in recovery rates of harvested species determined from long-term empirical studies can provide these important ecologic insights. Studies that have quantified the rate at which recovery of targeted species may take place have found the main factors affecting the recovery rates of populations in reserves to be the following: initial population size, intrinsic rate of increase (r), stock recruitment relationships, size of reserve, metapopulation structure, relationships with source locations, annual variations in success of individual recruitment events, the success of reducing fishing mortality (F) in the reserve (4-6), and the degree to which fishing has affected populations. Most of these factors relate to population growth, suggesting that recovery is a cumulative process. In addition, the design of reserves and rates of movement across reserve boundaries frequently play a strong role (4

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Babcock

Shears

Alcala

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

493

554

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, several species of decapod appear to have important effects on benthic community structure through predation and disturbance (e.g. Ebling et al 1964, Barkai & Branch 1988, Robles & Robb 1993, Lipcius & Cobb 1994, Yamada & Boulding 1996, and the range, timing and spatial distribution of foraging by decapod predators are potentially important determinants of their ecological consequences (Andrew & MacDiarmid 1991, Scheibling 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of wild European lobsters Homarus gammarus in natural habitat

Smith¹,

Jensen²,

Collins³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most previous mark-recapture studies of the movement of European lobsters have used externally attached tags which were lost at ecdysis, restricting the range of possible recapture intervals. Published studies of this species with tags designed to be retained through ecdysis have focussed on artificially reared lobsters, or wild lobsters released in artificial habitat. Here, we report a mark-recapture study of the mobility of wild European lobsters conducted in 3 areas on the south coast of England, using persistent tags. Tagged lobsters were smaller than the fishery minimum landing size (50 to 84 mm carapace length) and were therefore likely to be predominantly sexually immature. The majority of these lobsters do not appear to undertake extensive alongshore or on-/offshore migrations. Recapture distances ranged from 0 to 45 km, but 95% of recaptured lobsters moved < 3.8 km from their original release positions over periods of up to 862 d. Distance moved did not differ between males and females, but there was a weak positive relationship between recapture distance and body size. The directional distribution of movements > 0.5 km differed between the 3 study areas and appeared to be related to the spatial configuration of local lobster habitat, but with a marked tendency for offshore movement in 2 of the areas. Movements > 5 km from all 3 release areas, which comprised 5% of recaptures after > 6 mo, were generally undertaken by larger lobsters and were almost exclusively to the west or southwest, against the general direction of tide-and wind-generated residual water movement in the English Channel.

show abstract

“…T: (Baskett 2006) E: (Andrew & MacDiarmid 1991, Ballantine 2014, Mumby et al 2006 Weakened Prey refugia in space given protection of refuge habitat T: (Mangel & Levin 2005) Strengthened Alternative prey, which can increase apparent competition with predator increases T: (Kellner et al 2010, Takashina et al 2012) E: (Berriman et al 2015) Both weakened and strengthened…”

Section: Weakenedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine reserves can enhance ecological resilience

Barnett

Baskett

2015

Ecology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Here we review the population, community, and evolutionary consequences of marine reserves. Responses at each level depend on the tendency of fisheries to target larger body sizes and the tendency for greater reserve protection with less movement within and across populations. The primary population response to reserves is survival to greater ages and sizes plus increases in the population size for harvested species, with greater response to reserves that are large relative to species' movement rates. The primary community response to reserves is an increase in total biomass and diversity, with the potential for trophic cascades and altered spatial patterning of metacommunities. The primary evolutionary response to reserves is increased genetic diversity, with the theoretical potential for protection against fisheries-induced evolution and selection for reduced movement. The potential for the combined outcome of these responses to buffer marine populations and communities against temporal environmental heterogeneity has preliminary theoretical and empirical support.

show abstract

Interrelations between sea urchins and spiny lobsters in northeastern New Zealand

Cited by 61 publications

References 30 publications

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Movement of wild European lobsters Homarus gammarus in natural habitat

Marine reserves can enhance ecological resilience

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About