Interrelated Transformation of Chloroplast Ultrastructure and Morphogenesis of Plants Caused by UV-A Radiation

Selga, M.; Selga, Tūrs

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_567

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The first signs of chloroplast differentiation leading ultimately to the production of condensed tannins are a moderate inflation of the plastid, and an unstacking and slight swelling of the grana thylakoids, similar to those triggered by UV stress in plants (He et al, 1994;Selga and Selga, 1998;Kostina et al, 2001). It should be pointed out that UV-B is a well known upregulator of phenolic biosynthesis (Jansen et al, 1998;Berli et al, 2011).…”

Section: Ontogenesis Of Tannin-forming Structures In the Present Modelmentioning

confidence: 89%

The tannosome is an organelle forming condensed tannins in the chlorophyllous organs of Tracheophyta

Brillouet¹,

et al. 2013

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The presence of the three different chloroplast membranes inside vacuolar accretions that constitute the typical form of tannin storage in vascular plants was established in fresh tissues as well as in purified organelles, using several independent methods. Tannins are polymerized in a new chloroplast-derived organelle, the tannosome. These are formed by pearling of the thylakoids into 30 nm spheres, which are then encapsulated in a tannosome shuttle formed by budding from the chloroplast and bound by a membrane resulting from the fusion of both chloroplast envelopes. The shuttle conveys numerous tannosomes through the cytoplasm towards the vacuole in which it is then incorporated by invagination of the tonoplast. Finally, shuttles bound by a portion of tonoplast aggregate into tannin accretions which are stored in the vacuole. Polymerization of tannins occurs inside the tannosome regardless of the compartment being crossed. A complete sequence of events apparently valid in all studied Tracheophyta is described.

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Section: Ontogenesis Of Tannin-forming Structures In the Present Modelmentioning

confidence: 89%

The tannosome is an organelle forming condensed tannins in the chlorophyllous organs of Tracheophyta

Brillouet¹,

et al. 2013

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“…Note the increase in stomatal size due to UV-A and UV-B radiation. Bar 20 µm contacts with stroma, the formation of free radicals, and photodestruction/regeneration of membrane components (Selga et al 1998). …”

Section: Leaf Anatomy and Ultrastructurementioning

confidence: 98%

Growth, structure, stomatal responses and secondary metabolites of birch seedlings ( Betula pendula) under elevated UV-B radiation in the field

Костина

Wulff

Julkunen‐Tiitto

2001

Trees

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Three-year-old birch (Betula pendula Roth.) seedlings were exposed, in the field, to supplemental levels of UV-B radiation. Control seedlings were exposed to ambient levels of UV radiation, using arrays of unenergized lamps. A control for UV-A radiation was also included in the experiment. Enhanced UV-B radiation had no significant effects on height growth, and shoot and root biomass of birch seedlings. Leaf expansion rate increased transiently in the middle of the growing period in enhanced UV-B-and UV-A-exposed plants; however, final leaf size and relative growth rate remained unaffected. Leaf thickness and spongy intercellular spaces were increased in UV-B-exposed seedlings along with increased density of glandular trichomes. At the ultrastructural level, enhanced UV-B increased the number of cytoplasmic lipid bodies, and abnormal membrane whorls were found. Both enhanced UV-B and UV-A radiation induced swelling of chloroplast thylakoids. Stomatal density and conductance were significantly increased by elevated UV-B radiation. UV-A radiation increased the length and width of stomata, whereas UV-B radiation had only a marginal effect on stomatal size. UV-A and enhanced UV-B radiation attenuated the appearance of necrotic spots in autumn, probably caused by the fungus Pyrenopeziza betulicola, suggesting a direct harmful effect of UV on pathogens or reduced susceptibility to pathogens in UV-exposed seedlings. Secondary metabolite analysis showed increases in (+)-catechin, quercetin, cinnamic acid derivative, apigenin and pentagalloylglucose in birch leaves under enhanced UV-B radiation. Negative correlations between apigenin, and particularly quercetin concentrations and lipid peroxidation levels indicated an antioxidant role of secondary metabolites in birch leaves exposed to UV-B radiation.

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Interrelated Transformation of Chloroplast Ultrastructure and Morphogenesis of Plants Caused by UV-A Radiation

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

The tannosome is an organelle forming condensed tannins in the chlorophyllous organs of Tracheophyta

The tannosome is an organelle forming condensed tannins in the chlorophyllous organs of Tracheophyta

Growth, structure, stomatal responses and secondary metabolites of birch seedlings ( Betula pendula) under elevated UV-B radiation in the field

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