Interpretive optimisation of organic solvent content and flow‐rate in the separation of β‐blockers with a Chromolith RP‐18e column

Pous-Torres, S.; Torres-Lapası́o, J.R.; Ruiz-Ángel, M.J.; García-Álvarez-Coque, M.C.

doi:10.1002/jssc.200900137

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Similar plots were obtained with other acetonitrile concentrations in the mobile phase. Theoretically, the retention factor should not depend on the flow (only on the distribution equilibrium), since it is a relative parameter (Equation (1) where F is the flow rate [26,27]. The determination coefficients for the fitted straight-lines were above 0.9999 for the four sulphonamides.…”

Section: Effect Of the Modifier Content On The Retentionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Description of the Retention and Peak Profile for Chromolith Columns in Isocratic and Gradient Elution Using Mobile Phase Composition and Flow Rate as Factors

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The effect of the modifier concentration and flow rate on the chromatographic performance of a second generation Chromolith® RP-18e column, under isocratic and gradient elution with acetonitrile-water mixtures, was examined using four sulphonamides as probe compounds. The acetonitrile concentration was varied between 5 and 55% (v/v), and the flow rate between 0.1 and 5.0 mL/min, keeping the other factors constant. The changes in both retention and peak profile were modelled, and used to build simple plots, where the logarithm of the retention factor was represented against the modifier concentration (in gradient elution, against the initial modifier concentration), and the half-widths or widths against the retention time (in gradient elution, against the time at the column outlet). A particular plot was needed for describing the retention of each sulphonamide, but due to the similar interaction kinetics, a unique plot described the changes in the half-widths for all four sulphonamides. The changes in retention with the flow showed that allegedly in the second generation Chromolith, the column deformation observed for the first generation Chromolith, with the applied pressure at increasing flow, is decreased.

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Section: Effect Of the Modifier Content On The Retentionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Description of the Retention and Peak Profile for Chromolith Columns in Isocratic and Gradient Elution Using Mobile Phase Composition and Flow Rate as Factors

et al. 2014

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“…Therefore, this factor (alone or used with other factors) can be useful to optimize the elution conditions to get appropriate analysis time and resolution. For this purpose, accurate predictions of both retention time and half-widths are needed to reproduce the chromatographic peaks using appropriate peak functions [22,23] and to quantify peak overlapping as a function of flow rate [24]. As known, the retention time exhibits a linear variation with the inverse flow rate (1/F):…”

Section: Prediction Of Retention Time and Peak Profile At Varying Flomentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Peak Shape and Characterization of Column Performance in Liquid Chromatography as a Function of Flow Rate

Baeza-Baeza

Ortiz-Bolsico

Garcı́a-Alvarez-Coque

2015

Chromatography

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Traditionally, column performance in liquid chromatography has been studied using information from the elution of probe compounds at different flow rates through van Deemter plots, which relate the column plate height to the linear mobile phase velocity. A more recent approach to characterize columns is the representation of the peak widths (or the right and left peak half-widths) for a set of compounds versus their retention times, which, for isocratic elution, give rise to almost linear plots. In previous work, these plots have been shown to facilitate the prediction of peak profiles (width and asymmetry) with optimization purposes. In this work, a detailed study on the dependence of the peak widths (or half-widths) on the flow rate is reported. A new approach to quantify the deterioration of column performance for slow and fast flow rates and to characterize chromatographic columns is proposed. The approach makes use of the width (or half-widths) for a set of compounds with similar interaction kinetics and does not require knowledge of the extra-column contributions to the total variance. The chromatographic data of two sets of compounds of different natures (sulfonamides and β-blockers), eluted from Spherisorb and Chromolith columns with acetonitrile-water mixtures, are used to illustrate the approach.

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“…On the other hand, interpretive optimization strategy by using factorial designs requires a clear understanding of retention mechanism. [12][13] . In this article, an approach to estimate the retention behavior of nine common anions (formate, fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate and oxalate) and to optimize their isocratic elution using a carbonate-bicarbonate mobile phase is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretative optimization of the isocratic ion chromatographic separation of anions

Todorović¹,

Rajaković²,

Onjia³

2016

JSCS

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Interpretive retention modeling was utilized to optimize the isocratic ion chromatographic (IC) separation of the nine anions (formate, fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate and oxalate). The carbonate-bicarbonate eluent was used and separation was done on a Dionex AS14 ion-exchange column. The influence of combined effects of two mobile phase factors, the total eluent concentration (2-6 mM) and the carbonate/bicaronate ratio from 1:9 to 9:1 (which correspond to pH range 9.35-11.27), on the IC separation was studied. The multiple species analyte/eluent model that takes into account ion-exchange equilibria of the eluent and sample anions was used. In order to estimate the parameters in the model, a non-linear fitting of the retention data, obtained at two-factor three-level experimental design, was applied. To find the optimal conditions in the experimental design, the normalized resolution product as a chromatographic objective function was employed. This criterion includes both the individual peak resolution and the total analysis time. A good agreement between experimental and simulated chromatograms was obtained.

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Interpretive optimisation of organic solvent content and flow‐rate in the separation of β‐blockers with a Chromolith RP‐18e column

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Description of the Retention and Peak Profile for Chromolith Columns in Isocratic and Gradient Elution Using Mobile Phase Composition and Flow Rate as Factors

Description of the Retention and Peak Profile for Chromolith Columns in Isocratic and Gradient Elution Using Mobile Phase Composition and Flow Rate as Factors

Prediction of Peak Shape and Characterization of Column Performance in Liquid Chromatography as a Function of Flow Rate

Interpretative optimization of the isocratic ion chromatographic separation of anions

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