Interpreting Significance: The Differences Between Statistical Significance, Effect Size, and Practical Importance

Kalinowski, Paweł; Fidler, Fiona

doi:10.1053/j.nainr.2009.12.007

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although the ES is a measure of importance, it may not be clinically relevant 34. We previously commented that an ES above 0.5 was observed for SBP among other variables, while a small ES was found for DBP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sustained effect of resistance training on blood pressure and hand grip strength following a detraining period in elderly hypertensive women: a pilot study

Nascimento¹,

Tibana²,

Benik³

et al. 2014

CIA

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IntroductionHypertension is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor with a high prevalence among older adults. Exercise is a nonpharmacological treatment shown to benefit all patients with hypertension.ObjectiveThis study examined the effects of a 14-week moderate intensity resistance training program (RT) on the maintenance of blood pressure and hand grip strength during an extended detraining period in elderly hypertensive women.MethodsTwelve hypertensive sedentary elderly women completed 14 weeks of whole body RT at a moderate perceived exertion following a detraining period of 14 weeks.ResultsFollowing the training period, participants demonstrated an increase in absolute hand grip strength (P=0.001), relative hand grip strength (P=0.032) and a decrease of systolic (P=0.001), diastolic (P=0.008), and mean blood pressure (P=0.002) when compared to pre-exercise values. In addition, these effects were sustained after 14 weeks of detraining.ConclusionResistance training may be a valuable method to improve muscular strength and blood pressure in elderly people with benefits being maintained up to 14 weeks following training cessation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sustained effect of resistance training on blood pressure and hand grip strength following a detraining period in elderly hypertensive women: a pilot study

Nascimento¹,

Tibana²,

Benik³

et al. 2014

CIA

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show abstract

“…The AG reduced the decline in ADL at 12 months. Effects sizes on both outcomes at both time points were small in relation to the control group but given that the population were well older people, even a small effect can be considered clinically relevant (47).…”

Section: Conclusion and Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Occupation-focused interventions for well older people: An exploratory randomized controlled trial

Zingmark

Fisher

Rocklöv

et al. 2014

Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy

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“…Uma distorção comumente verificada nos artigos que são publicados é que o termo "diferença estatística" é utilizado ambiguamente, ou seja, é difícil entender pelos resultados de um estudo que o autor quis se referir à diferença estatística ou a importância clínica/prática dos resultados. Verificamos que o valor de p no exemplo 1 ficou abaixo de 0,05 e que a diferença foi também significativa, mas é importante entender que o valor de p muitas vezes não estabelece medida de importância e não fornece mais informação do que isso 13 .…”

Section: Cuidados Na Interpretação Do Valor De P Após As Correções Peunclassified

Procedimentos post hoc: orientação para praticantes de estatística em ciências da saúde

2019

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Procedimentos de comparações múltiplas ou post hoc são fundamentais em pesquisas no âmbito na saúde, esporte, educação e lazer. No entanto, a escolha do teste mais adequado por praticantes de estatística na área das ciências da saúde ainda gera dúvidas. O teste utilizado deve promover proteção contra o erro do tipo I, considerar o número de comparações ou grupos e deve ser conservador. No entanto, se o procedimento é muito conservador, diferenças genuínas podem ser negligenciadas ou aumentar o erro do tipo II. Com isso, o objetivo da presente revisão é apresentar um guia com mais de dez diferentes testes de comparações múltiplas e sugestões para o uso mais adequado desse tipo de estatística

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Interpreting Significance: The Differences Between Statistical Significance, Effect Size, and Practical Importance

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Sustained effect of resistance training on blood pressure and hand grip strength following a detraining period in elderly hypertensive women: a pilot study

Sustained effect of resistance training on blood pressure and hand grip strength following a detraining period in elderly hypertensive women: a pilot study

Occupation-focused interventions for well older people: An exploratory randomized controlled trial

Procedimentos post hoc: orientação para praticantes de estatística em ciências da saúde

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