Interpretations arising from Wrightian and Malthusian fitness under strong frequency dependent selection

Wu, Bin; Gokhale, Chaitanya S.; Veelen, Matthijs van; Wang, Long; Traulsen, Arne

doi:10.1002/ece3.500

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Interpretation of this fitness estimation might be misleading as this result indicates that, in general, isolates from different species tend to have a higher fitness when infecting their alternate host. Fitness is defined as a measure of the reproductive success of an allele, individual or group of individuals (Wu et al ., ) and so reproductive parameters are essential predictors for its estimation. However, in organisms with trophic and reproductive lifestyles as diverse as fungi, it has been historically difficult to establish common metrics to assess fitness (Pringle & Taylor, ; Gilchrist et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most Colletotrichum species associated with tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) and mango (Mangifera indica) crops are not host‐specific

Cabrera

Rojas

et al. 2018

Plant Pathology

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An important constraint for crop production in Colombia is the high incidence of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species. Although several studies have focused on these fungi, the relationship between the different fungal species within the genus and their hosts and whether they display any host preference or host specificity has yet to be examined. In Colombia, diseases caused by Colletotrichum species are particularly severe in mango (Mangifera indica) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) crops. In a previous investigation, the Colletotrichum phylogenetic species attacking these crops were identified. The present study aimed to determine whether isolates collected from tree tomato and mango showed host preference or host specificity by assessing aggressiveness, spore density, latent period, and fitness of each strain on the two hosts. In the departments of Cundinamarca and Tolima, Colombia, isolates were collected from plants that presented typical anthracnose symptoms and were identified as C. acutatum, C. asianum, C. boninense, C. gloeosporioides, C. tamarilloi and C. theobromicola. Inoculation of conidia of each isolate onto both hosts showed isolates had no host preference and only the C. gloeosporioides isolate showed host specificity. However, in general, isolates produced a higher spore density when inoculated on the alternate host, which may indicate a difference in the degree of adaptation to each host. Statistical analyses of the assessed parameter values revealed that isolates use different infection strategies when infecting each host. In light of these results, the implications of using quantitative estimations of fitness when studying fungal pathogens are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most Colletotrichum species associated with tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) and mango (Mangifera indica) crops are not host‐specific

Cabrera

Rojas

et al. 2018

Plant Pathology

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“…Taking into account that the Malthusian fitness is the logarithm of the Wrightian fitness (Wu et al 2013), the expression can be reduced to an equivalence of (3)…”

Section: Mutation-selection-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theories of Lethal Mutagenesis: From Error Catastrophe to Lethal Defection

Tejero

Montero

Nuño

2015

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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RNA viruses get extinct in a process called lethal mutagenesis when subjected to an increase in their mutation rate, for instance, by the action of mutagenic drugs. Several approaches have been proposed to understand this phenomenon. The extinction of RNA viruses by increased mutational pressure was inspired by the concept of the error threshold. The now classic quasispecies model predicts the existence of a limit to the mutation rate beyond which the genetic information of the wild type could not be efficiently transmitted to the next generation. This limit was called the error threshold, and for mutation rates larger than this threshold, the quasispecies was said to enter into error catastrophe. This transition has been assumed to foster the extinction of the whole population. Alternative explanations of lethal mutagenesis have been proposed recently. In the first place, a distinction is made between the error threshold and the extinction threshold, the mutation rate beyond which a population gets extinct. Extinction is explained from the effect the mutation rate has, throughout the mutational load, on the reproductive ability of the whole population. Secondly, lethal defection takes also into account the effect of interactions within mutant spectra, which have been shown to be determinant for the understanding the extinction of RNA virus due to an augmented mutational pressure. Nonetheless, some relevant issues concerning lethal mutagenesis are not completely understood yet, as so survival of the flattest, i.e. the development of resistance to lethal mutagenesis by evolving towards mutationally more robust regions of sequence space, or sublethal mutagenesis, i.e., the increase of the mutation rate below the extinction threshold which may boost the adaptability of RNA virus, increasing their ability to develop resistance to drugs (including mutagens). A better design of antiviral therapies will still require an improvement of our knowledge about lethal mutagenesis.

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“…The payoff can be taken as the growth rate, often referred to as Malthusian fitness [14], and the fitness can be taken as the average number of offspring, often called Wrightian fitness [14]. Thus the payoff-to-fitness mapping used in the context of fitness-based processes can be interpreted as a transformation between Malthusian fitness and Wrightian fitness [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness-based models and pairwise comparison models of evolutionary games are typically different—even in unstructured populations

Bauer

Galla

et al. 2015

New J. Phys.

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The modeling of evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations requires microscopic processes that determine how strategies spread. The exact details of these processes are often chosen without much further consideration. Different types of microscopic models, including in particular fitnessbased selection rules and pairwise comparison dynamics, are often used as if they were interchangeable. We challenge this view and investigate how robust these choices on the micro-level really are. We focus on a key macroscopic quantity, the probability for a single mutant to take over a population of wild-type individuals. We show that even in unstructured populations there is only one pair of a fitness-based process and a pairwise comparison process leading to identical outcomes for arbitrary games and for all intensities of selection. This strong restriction is not relaxed even when the class of pairwise comparison processes is broadened. This highlights the perils of making arbitrary choices at the micro-level without regard of the consequences at the macro-level.

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Interpretations arising from Wrightian and Malthusian fitness under strong frequency dependent selection

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Most Colletotrichum species associated with tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) and mango (Mangifera indica) crops are not host‐specific

Most Colletotrichum species associated with tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) and mango (Mangifera indica) crops are not host‐specific

Theories of Lethal Mutagenesis: From Error Catastrophe to Lethal Defection

Fitness-based models and pairwise comparison models of evolutionary games are typically different—even in unstructured populations

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