Interpretation of Volatility Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (V-TDMA) data for accurate vapor pressure and enthalpy measurement: Operational considerations, multiple charging, and introduction to a new analysis program (TAO)

Oxford, Christopher R.; Dang, Audrey J.; Rapp, Charles M.; Williams, Brent J.

doi:10.1080/02786826.2019.1709617

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The final particle number‐size distribution was measured with the second DMA (TSI model 3081) and CPC (TSI model 3010). Since particles were not reneutralized before the second DMA, it is possible that larger particles with two or more charges could bias the results of the volatility distributions presented here (Oxford et al., 2020). This effect is insignificant for 15 and 35 nm mobility‐selected particles, since the concentration of doubly charged particles is ∼0% and <1% that of singly charged positive particles (Wiedensohler, 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Indirect Measurements of the Composition of Ultrafine Particles in the Arctic Late‐Winter

et al. 2021

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We present indirect measurements of size‐resolved ultrafine particle composition conducted during the Ocean‐Atmosphere‐Sea Ice‐Snowpack (OASIS) Campaign in Utqiagvik, Alaska, during March 2009. This study focuses on measurements of size‐resolved particle hygroscopicity and volatility measured over two periods of the campaign. During a period that represents background conditions in this location, particle hygroscopic growth factors (HGF) at 90% relative humidity ranged from 1.45 to 1.51, which combined with volatility measurements suggest a mixture of ∼30% ammoniated sulfates and ∼70% oxidized organics. Two separate regional ultrafine particle growth events were also observed during this campaign. Event 1 coincided with elevated levels of H2SO4 and solar radiation. These particles were highly hygroscopic (HGF = 2.1 for 35 nm particles), but were almost fully volatilized at 160 °C. The air masses associated with both events originated over the Arctic Ocean. Event 1 was influenced by the upper marine boundary layer (200–350 m AGL), while Event 2 spent more time closer to the surface (50–150 m AGL) and over open ocean leads, suggesting marine influence in growth processes. Event 2 particles were slightly less hygroscopic (HGF = 1.94 for 35 nm and 1.67 for 15 nm particles), and similarly volatile. We hypothesize that particles formed during both events contained 60–70% hygroscopic salts by volume, with the balance for Event 1 being sulfates and oxidized organics for Event 2. These observations suggest that primary sea spray may be an important initiator of ultrafine particle formation events in the Arctic late‐winter, but a variety of processes may be responsible for condensational growth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Indirect Measurements of the Composition of Ultrafine Particles in the Arctic Late‐Winter

et al. 2021

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show abstract

“…The final particle number-size distribution was measured with the second DMA (TSI model 3081) and CPC (TSI model 3010). Since particles were not re-neutralized before the second DMA, it's possible that larger particles with two or more charges could bias the results of the volatility distributions presented here (Oxford et al, 2020). This effect is insignificant for 15 and 35 nm mobility-selected particles, since the concentration of doubly charged particles is ~0% and <1% that of singly charged positive particles (Wiedensohler, 1988).…”

Section: Indirect Measurements Of Particle Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Indirect measurements of the composition of ultrafine particles in the Arctic late-winter

Myers¹,

Lawler

Mauldin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present indirect measurements of size-resolved ultrafine particle composition conducted during the Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Snowpack (OASIS) Campaign in Utqiagvik, Alaska, during March 2009. This study focuses on measurements of size-resolved particle hygroscopicity and volatility measured over two periods of the campaign. During a period that represents background conditions in this location, particle hygroscopic growth factors (HGF) at 90% relative humidity ranged from 1.45-1.51, which combined with volatility measurements suggest a mixture of ~30% ammoniated sulfates and ~70% oxidized organics. Two separate regional ultrafine particle growth events were also observed during this campaign. Event 1 coincided with elevated levels of H2SO4 and solar radiation. These particles were highly hygroscopic (HGF=2.1 for 35 nm particles), but were almost fully volatilized at 160 °C. The air masses associated with both events originated over the Arctic Ocean. Event 1 was influenced by the upper marine boundary layer (200-350 m AGL), while Event 2 spent more time closer to the surface (50-150 m AGL) and over open ocean leads, suggesting marine influence in growth processes. Event 2 particles were slightly less hygroscopic (HGF=1.94 for 35nm and 1.67 for 15nm particles), and similarly volatile.We hypothesize that particles formed during both events contained 60-70% hygroscopic salts by volume, with the balance for Event 1 being sulfates and oxidized organics for Event 2. These observations suggest that primary sea spray may be an important initiator of ultrafine particle formation events in the Arctic late-winter, but a variety of processes may be responsible for condensational growth.

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“…Thermodenuders (Burtscher et al., 2001; Faulhaber et al., 2009; Huffman et al., 2008; Wehner et al., 2002) are often used to accelerate evaporation. The size distribution is measured after the thermodenuder to determine the mass or volume fraction remaining (Bilde et al., 2015; Champion et al., 2019; Mendes et al., 2016; Oxford et al., 2020). Here we infer volatility from the shrinkage of monomer mode diameter upon passage through the coalescence chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Determination of the Relationship Between Organic Aerosol Viscosity and Ice Nucleation at Upper Free Tropospheric Conditions

et al. 2022

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Cirrus clouds play an important role in Earth's energy budget by reflecting the incoming solar radiation into space which leads to cooling, and by reducing the infrared longwave coming from the Earth surface which leads to warming (Chen et al., 2000;Heymsfield et al., 2017;Storelvmo & Herger, 2014). The radiative properties of cirrus clouds depend on the ice crystal number concentration, which in turn depends on the aerosol that nucleate ice at these conditions. Cirrus cloud ice crystals form either through homogeneous processes, requiring no ice nucleating particle (INP) or active site, or heterogeneously where an INP is involved (Hoose & Möhler, 2012;Kanji et al., 2017;Vali et al., 2015). Heterogeneous ice nucleation (IN) can occur via deposition of ice on particle surfaces, condensation in pores and subsequent freezing (Campbell et al., 2017;David et al., 2019;Marcolli, 2014), through immersion freezing of droplets as they cool, or condensation freezing as particles simultaneously uptake water and cool. Another freezing path is contact freezing where a particle approaches the air-water interface from either the outside of the droplet or from inside of the droplet (Durant & Shaw, 2005;Kanji et al., 2017). Homogeneous freezing of liquid aerosol is predominantly controlled by water activity (or ambient relative humidity (RH)), temperature, particle size, and hygroscopicity (Baumgartner et al., 2022;Koop et al., 2000;Schneider et al., 2021). Among these, temperature and RH dominate. Chemical composition influences homogeneous IN by modulating hygroscopicity (Junge, 1953;M. D. Petters & Kreidenweis, 2007). However, the overall influence of chemical composition on homogeneous freezing nucleation is small (Kreidenweis et al., 2009). In contrast, heterogeneous IN strongly depends on the chemical composition and morphology (Hiranuma et al., 2014). Ambient measurements of cirrus ice crystal residuals show a wide range of chemical composition, including organic particles, black carbon, mineral dust, lead and other metal bearing particles, sulfate particles, and salt particles

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Interpretation of Volatility Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (V-TDMA) data for accurate vapor pressure and enthalpy measurement: Operational considerations, multiple charging, and introduction to a new analysis program (TAO)

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Indirect Measurements of the Composition of Ultrafine Particles in the Arctic Late‐Winter

Indirect Measurements of the Composition of Ultrafine Particles in the Arctic Late‐Winter

Indirect measurements of the composition of ultrafine particles in the Arctic late-winter

Experimental Determination of the Relationship Between Organic Aerosol Viscosity and Ice Nucleation at Upper Free Tropospheric Conditions

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