Interpretation of the morphological adaptations associated with viviparity in the Tsetse fly (<i>Glossina morsitans</i>) by three dimensional analysis

Attardo, Geoffrey M.; Tam, Nicole; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Mack, Lindsey K; Zahnle, Xavier J; Arguellez, Joceline; Takáč, Peter; Malacrida, Anna R.

doi:10.1101/2020.06.12.147587

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

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Infection with endosymbioticSpiroplasmadisrupts tsetse (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) metabolic and reproductive homeostasis

Son

Weiss

Schneider

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.) house a population-dependent assortment of microorganisms that can include pathogenic African trypanosomes and maternally transmitted endosymbiotic bacteria, the latter of which mediate numerous aspects of their host’s metabolic, reproductive, and immune physiologies. One of these endosymbionts, Spiroplasma , was recently discovered to reside within multiple tissues of field captured and laboratory colonized tsetse flies grouped in the Palpalis subgenera. In various arthropods, Spiroplasma induces reproductive abnormalities and pathogen protective phenotypes. In tsetse, Spiroplasma infections also induce a protective phenotype by enhancing the fly’s resistance to infection with trypanosomes. However, the potential impact of Spiroplasma on tsetse’s viviparous reproductive physiology remains unknown. Herein we employed high-throughput RNA sequencing and laboratory-based functional assays to better characterize the association between Spiroplasma and the metabolic and reproductive physiologies of G. fuscipes fuscipes ( Gff ), a prominent vector of human disease. Using field-captured Gff , we discovered that Spiroplasma infection induces changes of sex-biased gene expression in reproductive tissues that may be critical for tsetse’s reproductive fitness. Using a Gff line composed of individuals heterogeneously infected with Spiroplasma , we observed that the bacterium and tsetse host compete for finite nutrients, which negatively impact female fecundity by increasing the length of intrauterine larval development. Additionally, we found that when males are infected with Spiroplasma , the motility of their sperm is compromised following transfer to the female spermatheca. As such, Spiroplasma infections appear to adversely impact male reproductive fitness by decreasing the competitiveness of their sperm. Finally, we determined that the bacterium is maternally transmitted to intrauterine larva at a high frequency, while paternal transmission was also noted in a small number of matings. Taken together, our findings indicate that Spiroplasma exerts a negative impact on tsetse fecundity, an outcome that could be exploited for reducing tsetse population size and thus disease transmission.

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Infection with endosymbioticSpiroplasmadisrupts tsetse (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) metabolic and reproductive homeostasis

Son

Weiss

Schneider

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Pathogen-Mediated Alterations of Insect Chemical Communication: From Pheromones to Behavior

Moyano,

Croce,

Scolari

2023

Pathogens

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Pathogens can influence the physiology and behavior of both animal and plant hosts in a manner that promotes their own transmission and dispersal. Recent research focusing on insects has revealed that these manipulations can extend to the production of pheromones, which are pivotal in chemical communication. This review provides an overview of the current state of research and available data concerning the impacts of bacterial, viral, fungal, and eukaryotic pathogens on chemical communication across different insect orders. While our understanding of the influence of pathogenic bacteria on host chemical profiles is still limited, viral infections have been shown to induce behavioral changes in the host, such as altered pheromone production, olfaction, and locomotion. Entomopathogenic fungi affect host chemical communication by manipulating cuticular hydrocarbons and pheromone production, while various eukaryotic parasites have been observed to influence insect behavior by affecting the production of pheromones and other chemical cues. The effects induced by these infections are explored in the context of the evolutionary advantages they confer to the pathogen. The molecular mechanisms governing the observed pathogen-mediated behavioral changes, as well as the dynamic and mutually influential relationships between the pathogen and its host, are still poorly understood. A deeper comprehension of these mechanisms will prove invaluable in identifying novel targets in the perspective of practical applications aimed at controlling detrimental insect species.

show abstract

Interpretation of the morphological adaptations associated with viviparity in the Tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans) by three dimensional analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

Infection with endosymbioticSpiroplasmadisrupts tsetse (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) metabolic and reproductive homeostasis

Infection with endosymbioticSpiroplasmadisrupts tsetse (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) metabolic and reproductive homeostasis

Pathogen-Mediated Alterations of Insect Chemical Communication: From Pheromones to Behavior

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