Interpretation of measurements made by the forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP‐300) during the Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition

Baumgardner, Darrel; Dye, J. E.; Gandrud, B. W.; Knollenberg, Robert G.

doi:10.1029/91jd02728

Cited by 161 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Li et al [1998] found good agreement between the b a values measured with lidar and those calculated from optical probes (axially scattering aerosol spectrometer probe (ASASP) and passive cavity aerosol spectrometer (PCASP)) after correction for particle growth for the relative humidity when they measured the polluted air in which fine mode particles (ammonium sulfates) were predominant. A good agreement in b a values between lidar and in situ results has been reported by Redemann et al [1998] who used a forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP-300) that is designed to sample particles in the free stream [Baumgardner et al, 1992] so that sampling loss and modification of aerosol properties are minimized in the aircraft measurements. In our case study, when the nonspherical mineral dust particles were substantially present in the coarse mode and many of them were coated with solution in the lower altitudes, the b a values for the coarse mode particles calculated from the airborne OPCs probably caused the differences between the b a values obtained with the lidar and the OPCs, as well as the horizontal/temporal inhomogeneity of the aerosol properties.…”

Section: Aerosol Backscattering Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 91%

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

et al. 2003

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[1] The vertical distributions of tropospheric aerosol properties were measured during the Asian dust event over central Japan (35°-36°N, 136°-137°E), using a ground-based Raman lidar and aircraft-based instruments on 23 April 1996. The lidar measured enhancements of aerosol backscattering below an altitude of 4 km and between 5 and 8 km where the total aerosol linear depolarization ratio showed peaks of 12-15% and the relative humidities were $30%. The aircraft measurements showed that the aerosol particles consisted primarily of irregularly shaped mineral dusts and sea salts with a mode radius (r m ) of $1 mm and sulfates with r m $ 0.1 mm over the measured height range of 0.6-5.5 km. Electron microscopic analyses suggest that $77% of the mineral particles were coated with a solution at 1.8 km and that the fraction of coated particles decreased with height. The aerosol backscattering coefficients (b a ), calculated from the airborne optical particle counter (OPC) data, were smaller than the lidar-derived values by $30% above 3.1 km and by $44% below that altitude. The difference was attributable to the horizontal and temporal inhomogeneities of the aerosol properties between the measurement sites and to the uncertainty in b a , particularly for the coarse particles calculated from the OPC data. The aerosol depolarization ratios (d a ) estimated from the OPC data showed the same increase as those obtained with the lidar above 4.1 km. This suggests that the proportion of backscattering by coarse particles to total particles primarily controlled the d a measured with the lidar in that region.

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Section: Aerosol Backscattering Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 91%

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

et al. 2003

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“…Figure 1 shows that, in general for clouds observed during CIFEX, N d increases and r eff decreases with increasing N a . The FSSP probe has an estimated uncertainty of 14% for r eff and 25% for N d [Baumgardner et al, 1992].…”

Section: Aerosol Impacts On Cloud Microphysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of aerosols on the shortwave cloud radiative forcing from North Pacific oceanic clouds: Results from the Cloud Indirect Forcing Experiment (CIFEX)

Wilcox¹,

Roberts²,

Ramanathan³

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Aerosols over the Northeastern Pacific Ocean enhance the cloud drop number concentration and reduce the drop size for marine stratocumulus and cumulus clouds. These microphysical effects result in brighter clouds, as evidenced by a combination of aircraft and satellite observations. In-situ measurements from the Cloud Indirect Forcing Experiment (CIFEX) indicate that the mean cloud drop number concentration in low clouds over the polluted marine boundary layer is greater by 53 cm À3 compared to clean clouds, and the mean cloud drop effective radius is smaller by 4 mm. We link these in-situ measurements of cloud modification by aerosols, for the first time, with collocated satellite broadband radiative flux observations from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System to show that these microphysical effects of aerosols enhance the top-of-atmosphere cooling by À9.9 ± 4.3 W m À2 for overcast conditions. Citation: Wilcox, E. M., G. Roberts, and V. Ramanathan (2006), Influence of aerosols on the shortwave cloud radiative forcing from North Pacific oceanic clouds: Results from the Cloud Indirect Forcing Experiment (CIFEX), Geophys.

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“…The scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) with an accuracy of 5 % (Wiedensohler et al, 2012) and the ultra high-sensitivity aerosol spectrometer (UHSAS) with an accuracy of 10 % (Cai et al, 2008) are used for measuring aerosol number size distribution in the submicron range. The wing-mounted Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP-300) with an accuracy of 30 % (Baumgardner et al, 1992) and the in-cabin GRIMM OPC (sky OPC 1.129) with an accuracy of 10 % were used to measure the optical size distributions in the diameter nominal size range between 0.28 and 20 µm and between 0.3 and 32 µm, respectively. The total particle volume concentrations in the diameter range 0.1-30 µm and volume concentrations of fine (0.1-1 µm) and coarse (1-30 µm) modes were calculated from the measured aerosol number size distributions, assuming that aerosol particles are spherical.…”

Section: Airborne Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of GRASP algorithm for a dust event over Granada (Spain) during ChArMEx-ADRIMED 2013 campaign

et al. 2017

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Abstract. In this study, vertical profiles and columnintegrated aerosol properties retrieved by the GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties) algorithm are evaluated with in situ airborne measurements made during the ChArMEx-ADRIMED field campaign in summer 2013. In the framework of this campaign, two different flights took place over Granada (Spain) during a desert dust episode on 16 and 17 June. The GRASP algorithm, which combines lidar and sun-sky photometer data measured at Granada, was used to retrieve aerosol properties. Two sun-photometer datasets are used: one co-located with the lidar system and the other in the Cerro Poyos station, approximately 1200 m higher than the lidar system but at a short horizontal distance.Column-integrated aerosol microphysical properties retrieved by GRASP are compared with AERONET products showing a good agreement. Differences between GRASP retrievals and airborne extinction profiles are in the range of 15 to 30 %, depending on the instrument on board the aircraft used as reference. On 16 June, a case where the dust layer was coupled to the aerosol layer close to surface, the total volume concentration differences between in situ data and GRASP retrieval are 15 and 36 % for Granada and Cerro Poyos retrievals, respectively. In contrast, on 17 June the dust layer was decoupled from the aerosol layer close to the surface, and the differences are around 17 % for both retrievals. In general, all the discrepancies found are within the uncertainly limits, showing the robustness and reliability of the GRASP algorithm. However, the better agreement found for the Cerro Poyos retrieval with the aircraft data and the vertical homogeneity of certain properties retrieved with GRASP, such as the scattering Ångström exponent, for cases with aerosol layers characterized by different aerosol types, shows that uncertainties in the vertical distribution of the aerosol properties have to be considered.The comparison presented here between GRASP and other algorithms (i.e. AERONET and LIRIC) and with airborne in situ measurements shows the potential to retrieve the optical and microphysical profiles of the atmospheric aerosol properties. Also, the advantage of GRASP versus LIRIC is that GRASP does not assume the results of the AERONET inversion as a starting point.

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Interpretation of measurements made by the forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP‐300) during the Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition

Cited by 161 publications

References 14 publications

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

Influence of aerosols on the shortwave cloud radiative forcing from North Pacific oceanic clouds: Results from the Cloud Indirect Forcing Experiment (CIFEX)

Comparative assessment of GRASP algorithm for a dust event over Granada (Spain) during ChArMEx-ADRIMED 2013 campaign

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