Interpretation of Mauna Loa Atmospheric Transmission Relative to Aerosols, Using Photometric Precipitable Water Amounts

Dutton, Ellsworth G; Deluisi, John; Austring, Arne P.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3909-7_3

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For the subsequent brightening phase, approximately from the 1980s onward, the review lists increasing SSR trends of 1 to 5 W m −2 decade −1 , depending again on the region and time period considered. While much of these data are based on all-sky observations, and thus cloud effects cannot be ruled out, clear-sky observations confirm this general picture [Roosen and Angione, 1984;Dutton et al, 1985;Russak, 1990;Wild et al, 2005;Ruckstuhl et al, 2008;Russak, 2009;Ohmura, 2009;Ohvril et al, 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Aerosol emissions and dimming/brightening in Europe: Sensitivity studies with ECHAM5-HAM

Folini

Wild

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Observational data indicate a decrease of surface solar radiation (SSR) in Europe from about 1950 to the mid-1980s, followed by a renewed increase. Changing aerosol emissions have been suggested as a likely cause for this observed dimming and brightening. (Scandinavia and eastern Europe). All-sky conditions show similar trends in the ensemble mean, but the spread among ensemble members is considerable, emphasizing the importance of clouds. Surface temperatures are found to depend mostly on the prescribed SSTs, with an additional aerosol component in some regions like eastern Europe. For precipitation, internal variability is too large to allow for any firm conclusions.Citation: Folini, D., and M. Wild (2011), Aerosol emissions and dimming/brightening in Europe: Sensitivity studies with

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Aerosol emissions and dimming/brightening in Europe: Sensitivity studies with ECHAM5-HAM

Folini

Wild

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Because the observations from which ATF is derived are broad-band, ozone and water vapour as well as aerosols influence the variability in the ATF record. Additional discussions about the physical interpretation of ATF are presented by Dutton et al (1985). For this current study, it is sufficient to state that variations in the ATF essentially are equal to changes in the vertical transmission of the direct solar beam through the atmosphere and therefore can be used to estimate relative changes in total optical depth.…”

Section: Mauna Loa Atmospheric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A coherence between the QBO and the amplitude of the Mauna Loa atmospheric transmission annual cycle

Dutton

1992

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The transmission of direct solar radiation through the atmosphere above Mauna Loa, Hawaii, is shown to have a quasibiennial cyclic component that is coherent with the well-known tropical stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). The QBO-related signal in the 32-year transmission record is manifested as an oscillation in the amplitude of the annual cycle. The transmission annual cycle is known to be caused by seasonal transport of Asian continental dust to and over the island of Hawaii. Variations in water vapour and ozone are eliminated as possible influences in the transmission-QBO re€ationship, leaving aerosols as the source of the oscillation. The ultimate cause for the quasi-biennial signal in the transmission record is unknown. Small but cyclic modifications to the tropospheric energy budget occur as a result of the transmission variations. The magnitude of the energy budget variations are less than those typically expected to have a significant climatic impact.

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“…However, according to an analysis of several contributing astronomical, geophysical, and anthropogenic variables, the El NiAo only accounts for about 33% of the behavior of the global average temperature (Gunn, 1991;Gunn and Grzymala-Busse, 1994). Three other influences as measured at Moana Loa, Hawaii (Dutton et al, 1985). Winter Southern Oscillation Index (WSOI) is the average December, January, and February SO1 (Climate Diagnostics Bulletin).…”

Section: Geb and Regional Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solar is mean annual sunspot number (Solar Indices Bulletin). Apparent transmission (ApTr) of the atmosphere is the amount of solar emission admitted by the atmosphere as measured at Moana Loa, Hawaii (Dutton et al, 1985). Winter Southern Oscillation Index (WSOI) is the average December, January, and February SO1 (Climate Diagnostics Bulletin).…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

A landscape analysis of the candelaria watershed in mexico: Insights into paleoclimates affecting upland horticulture in the southern yucatan peninsula semi‐karst

1995

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Biocultural systems adapt to global climate change through its regional manifestations. Subsistence customs are the cultural interface between regional climate and culture at large. Swidden horticulturalists in Campeche, Mexico report that dry April followed by early onset of the wet season enhances the productivity of upland tropical gardens, or milpas. To relate regional seasonality of moisture to global climate, growing season discharge for Mexico's Candelaria River from 1958 to 1990 was analyzed relative to global average temperature. Analysis of covariance revealed a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.001). Further analysis showed that hot global climate eliminates the dry season, which lowers milpa productivity by preventing burning of the slash. Cold global climate delays the wet season and planting, also at cost of productivity. Intermediate global temperature fosters optimal wet-dry season combinations. Productivity of milpas is therefore directly related to global climate through the intervening mechanism of seasonality of moisture. A regression model reflecting these findings is used to retrodict paleohydrology for the last 3000 years. The pattern of ascendancy and decline of ancient southern Maya lowland urban centers is reviewed in the perspective of changing hydrological conditions. The model indicates that fluorescence occurred with optimal balance of wet and dry season duration and catastrophes unfolded during extended wet or dry periods. We suggest that the southern Maya lowlands have had a precipitous record of urban development and collapse in part because of complex interactions of global climate and upland horticulture. The most productive conditions for milpa issue from an inherently unstable overlay of global climate on a relatively narrow band of partially developed karst (semikarst) geological formations.

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Interpretation of Mauna Loa Atmospheric Transmission Relative to Aerosols, Using Photometric Precipitable Water Amounts

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Aerosol emissions and dimming/brightening in Europe: Sensitivity studies with ECHAM5-HAM

Aerosol emissions and dimming/brightening in Europe: Sensitivity studies with ECHAM5-HAM

A coherence between the QBO and the amplitude of the Mauna Loa atmospheric transmission annual cycle

A landscape analysis of the candelaria watershed in mexico: Insights into paleoclimates affecting upland horticulture in the southern yucatan peninsula semi‐karst

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