Interpretation of kinetic results of polyimide formation

Kamzolkina, Ye.V.; Teiyes, G.; Nechayev, P.P.; Gerashchenko, Z.V.; Vygodskii, Ya. S.; Saikov, G.Ye.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(76)90431-7

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In studying this unimolecular decomposition, the amine concentration was experimentally shown to initially increase and then decrease during the thermal imidization of the poly(amic acid) from 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene and 3,3',4,4'-carboxydiphenyl-2,2-propane dianhydride at 165°C (35). In addition, I_ n for this polymer was shown to substantially decrease during solid phase imidization at 150° (36).…”

Section: ) A2cm_mentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterization of a thermally imidized soluble polyimide film

Young

Davis

Chang

et al. 1990

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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A soluble aromatic poly (amic acid) film was converted to a soluble polyimide by staging at 25°C intervals to 325°C and characterized at each interval by several analytical methods. The behavior observed was consistent with an interpretation that a reduction occurred in molecular weight of the poly (amic acid) during the initial stages of cure before the ultimate molecular weight was achieved as a polyimide. This interpretation was supported by the results of solution viscosity, gel permeation chromatography, low angle laser light scattering photometry, and infrared spectroscopy analyses. The results of this study serve to increase our fundamental understanding of how polyimides are thermally formed from poly (amic acid)s.

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Section: ) A2cm_mentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterization of a thermally imidized soluble polyimide film

Young

Davis

Chang

et al. 1990

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…Kamzolkina et al found that the equilibrium constant is very temperature dependent. 3 For example, it changed from 1970 L/mol at 40 °C to 4 L/mol at 200 °C in acetonitrile. This means that at the high temperature, depolymerization is particularly im-0024-9297/92/2225-3751$03.00/0 portant at early stages of cure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntheses and characterization of model imide compounds and chemical imidization study

Kailani¹,

Sung²,

Huang³

1992

Macromolecules

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In order to characterize various depolymerization and imidization reactions involved during thermal and chemical imidazation of poly(amic acid) by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopies, several model compounds have been synthesized and characterized from 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) and phthalic anhydride. The model compounds synthesized are the derivatives of DAN such as amic acid-amine, diamic acid, amine-imide, amic acid-imide, diimide, and diisoimide. Only DAN is found to be strongly fluorescent while amic acid-amine, amine-imide, and diisoimide are very weakly fluorescent. The others have negligible fluorescence. During imidization, therefore, the fluorescence intensity can be used to quantify the amount of depolymerized DAN. Due to strong substituent effects on the UV-visible spectra, the model compounds exhibit characteristic absorption maxima and extinction coefficients. Proton NMR, IR, and differential scanning calorimetry have been used also to confirm the chémical structures and the purity of the model compounds. Chemical imidization using acetic anhydride and pyridine for polyamic acid made from DAN and a partially fluorinated dianhydride has been investigated. Deconvolution of UV-visible spectra on the basis of the model compounds provided the composition of the involved species such as diamic acid, diimide, and diisoimide. The rate constants for chemical imidization occurring in 1% solution in Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidinone indicate a fast first step in which simultaneous conversion of diamic acid to diimide and diisoimide takes place, followed by slower conversion of diisoimide to diimide in a second step.

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Kinetics of amine‐cyclic anhydride reactions in moderately polar solutions

Padwa

Sasaki

Wolske

et al. 1995

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The validity of extrapolating the reactivity of low molar mass compounds in solution to the polymer‐analogous chemistry between polymer‐bound functionality is investigated for the reaction of primary amines with cyclic anhydrides in the moderately polar solvents, anisole and tetraethyleneglycol dimethylether. The kinetics of amic‐acid formation and imidization of polymeric and small molecule mixtures measured by Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy at near‐ambient and elevated temperatures are compared. A Significant decrease in both reaction rates is observed upon changing the primary amine from aliphatic to benzylic, benzylic to 1,2‐diphenylethylamine, and 1,2‐diphenylethylamine to polystyrene‐bound 1,2‐diphenylethylamine. Reasons for the influence of polymer‐bound chemical functionality on the reaction rates for these amines are discussed. The imidization step is found to be rate limiting in the reaction of phthalic anhydride with benzylamine at the functional group concentrations reported (0.14M or less). © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Interpretation of kinetic results of polyimide formation

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of a thermally imidized soluble polyimide film

Characterization of a thermally imidized soluble polyimide film

Syntheses and characterization of model imide compounds and chemical imidization study

Kinetics of amine‐cyclic anhydride reactions in moderately polar solutions

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