Interpretation of Archaeogeological and Lithological Characters for Stones Used in Korean Ancient Tombs around the Songpa of Seoul

Abstract

This study concerns the lithologic characteristics of the stone used as the main construction materials of ancient Korean tombs, and aims to understand how they were supplied. Specifically, we investigated the main ancient tombs in the Songpa district, south of the Hangang River in Seoul, composing the connected stone-mound tombs in the Seokchon-dong tomb complex, Bangi-dong tomb No. 3, and 13 horizontal stone-chamber tombs in the Gamil-dong tomb complex. There are major differences among the tombs reflected in the types of rock used as construction materials in these sites. Tombs at Seokchon-dong and Bangi-dong were built mainly using biotite gneiss, whereas those at Gamil-dong are composed of amphibole schist. By comparing the characteristics of the rocks collected from the provenance sites, we concluded that the quartzite used at the Gamil-dong tombs was from Cheonma Mountain, the gneiss at the Bangi-dong sites was from Daemo Mountain, and the amphibole schist and diabase at the Gamil-dong sites were from Cheonma Mountain. On the other hand, gravel-shaped stone materials are found in the tombs of Seokchon-dong and Bangi-dong, but not in Gamil-dong tombs. Therefore, it can be seen that between Seokchon-dong, Bangi-dong, and Gamil-dong tombs, there is a difference not only in the main constituent rock types, but also in the shape of the stone materials. These gravel-shaped stones are assumed to have been transported via the Hangang River drainage system and supplied to Seokchon-dong and Bangi-dong tombs. Therefore, we consider that the constructors of the tombs in the ancient Songpa district locally sourced materials of different rock types.

Investigation of Source Area and Material Characteristics of the Stone Properties from Stone-lined Tombs in Cheongyang Rokpyeong-ri Site, Korea

“…전암대자율 분포 석곽묘를 구성하는 대표적인 석재의 미세자기적 특징 을 검토하기 위해 전암대자율을 측정하였다. 전암대자율 분석은 암석의 구성성분 및 성인적 동질성 검토에 적극 활용할 수 있어 국내외 석조문화유산의 산지해석에 효과 적인 연구방법으로 적용되어왔다 (Lee et al, 2007;2010a;2010b;2022;Park et al, 2021).…”

Provenance Interpretation and Petrological Characteristics of the Four Lion Three-story Stone Pagoda and Stone Lantern in Hwaeomsa Temple, Korea

“…이와 같은 암석을 만든 마그마의 불균질한 혼합과 메커니즘 및 분화과정은 별도 의 연구가 필요하다. 이를 종합하면, 석탑과 석등의 석재는 동일 마그마에 의해 형성되었으며, 이는 섭입대의 환경에서 관입하여 상 는 당시 사람들의 기술수준과 교역관계 및 사회적 변동까지 파악할 수 있어 중요한 역사적 및 문화적 자료가 된다(Leeet al, 2007;2022;Lee and Lee, 2009). 최근 석조문화재의 보수 및 복원에 대한 재료학적 진정성이 대두됨에 따라 보존과학적 측면에서 이와 관련한 연구가 다수 수행되어 왔다(Han et al, 2021;Lee et al, 2007;2010;Jo et al, 2012;Jo and Lee, 2015;Choi et al, 2015;Park et al, 2019).이 연구에서는 석탑과 석등의 석재에 대한 동종 암석 의 산지를 탐색하기 위해 화엄사 인근의 암석분포 현황을 조사하였다.…”