Interpretation and Modelling of Environmental Behaviour of Diverse Pesticides by Revealing Photodecomposition Mechanisms

Abstract

This book provides an overview on a large variety of pesticide-related topics, organized in three sections. The first part is dedicated to the "safer" pesticides derived from natural materials, the design and the optimization of pesticides formulations, and the techniques for pesticides application. The second part is intended to demonstrate the agricultural products, environmental and biota pesticides contamination and the impacts of the pesticides presence on the ecosystems. The third part presents current investigations of the naturally occurring pesticides degradation phenomena, the environmental effects of the break down products, and different approaches to pesticides residues treatment. Written by leading experts in their respective areas, the book is highly recommended to the professionals, interested in pesticides issues.

Omnipresent distribution of herbicides and their transformation products in all water body types of an agricultural landscape in the North German Lowland

“…Certain species such as Chlorella , Arthrobacter , Aspergillus , Pseudomonas , and Chlorella are able to initiate or support chemical reactions like adsorption, hydrolysis of special functional groups, oxidations, and enzymatic mineralization (Fenner et al 2013 ; Kumar et al 2018 ). In air, in the upper layer of surface water and on the top soil, direct and indirect photolysis are the main transformation processes (Kiss and Virág 2009 ; Hensen et al 2019 ). Hydrolysis can lead to the transformation of pesticides in surface and groundwater.…”

Photodegradation of cyprodinil under UV–visible irradiation – chemical and toxicological approaches

“…All the common water treatment processes for these fungicides, such as hydrolysis, biodegradation, chemical oxidation and UV irradiation, are still under development . Although they are increasingly efficient, these treatments do not lead to full mineralization of pollutants and produce transformation products which can contaminate the environment . In a 2013 review on emerging pollutants, Aguera et al .…”

“…Moreover, just after crop treatment and before having diffused inside the plants, pesticides deposited onto leaf surfaces are subject to solar light. Pesticide photodegradation has been extensively studied in water but only a few studies have focused on the degradation products …”

“…[4][5][6] Although they are increasingly efficient, these treatments do not lead to full mineralization of pollutants and produce transformation products which can contaminate the environment. [7,8] In a 2013 review on emerging pollutants, Aguera et al stated that analytical trends are no longer limited to the quantitation of listed contaminants, but also involve identification of by-products generated by water treatment processes. [9] Several studies have established that some persistent transformation products (TPs) could prove to be more toxic than the parent molecules.…”

“…Pesticide photodegradation has been extensively studied in water but only a few studies have focused on the degradation products. [8,[17][18][19][20] Esteve-Turrillas et al have recently published a survey of the occurrence of some fungicides in international wines, by using rapid antibody-based assays. [21] This study shows that contamination of commercial wines with pesticides is an issue of worldwide relevance, with potential implications for consumer health and international trade.…”