Interpopulational variability of Pinus sylvestris L. in eight Polish localities expressed in morphological and anatomical traits of needles

Abstract

Two-year old needles were collected from 272 standing trees of <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L., representing 8 Polish populations. The needles were studied in respect to IS morphological and anatomical traits. The obtained data were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis in an attempt to delineate interpopulational variability. Multivariate analysis of variance with testing of statistical hypotheses and discriminant analysis were conducted. Mahalanobis distances were calculated between each of population in pairs and their significance was estimated using Hotelling T² statistics. On the basis of the shortest Mahalanobis distances a minimum spanning tree was constructed and on the basis of Euklidean distances hierarchy grouping was performed. A large majority of the populations was found to differ significantly from the remaining populations. The population from Bolewice proved to be most divergent. The principal variables which proved capable of discriminating between populations were found to include: needle length, the number of stomata on the flat side of the needle and the number of resin canals. Using Bryant's test, the studied populations were found to belong to two geographic groups: the North-Polish one or the South-Polish one

Variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) called Tabórz pine (Forest District Miłomłyn) expressed in analysis of morphology of needle traits and polymorphism of microsatellite DNA

“…The current research on the Tabórz pine growing in its natural habitat near Miłomłyn shows that it has longer needles (73.1 mm) than was found in previous studies in the same location (Bobowicz, Korczyk 1994). This indicates that climatic conditions (short and mild winters, greater amounts of precipitation) strongly influence the development of the assimilation apparatus, and therefore, determine the good productivity of the Tabórz pine.…”

“…In turn, the most serrations per 2 mm on the right-hand edge of a needle (trait 7) were identified in the pines from the Tabórz Pine Reserve (RST), and the lowest number in the pines from the Ruś (LR) Forest Unit. Studies from 1994 (Bobowicz, Korczyk 1994) showed that the Polish lowland populations of Scots pines have needle lengths from 48.2 mm for the population in Miłomłyn to 68.3 mm for the Bolewice population. By analyzing other populations, even shorter needles, 30.3 mm long, were found in the pine trees of the Tuchola Pine Forests (Urbaniak et al 2003).…”

Genetic and phenotypic relationships among Pinus sylvestris populations in the Pieniny National Park

“…In comparison to the Polish lowland populations of P. sylvestris whose needle length is 48.2-68.3 mm [29], the pines found in the Pieniny Mts. have short needles.…”

Differentation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seed orchard in Gidyle on basin of morphological needles trains

“…Seed orchards are also a specific type of gene banks. The genetic diversity of Scots pine is being determined most often by using chromatographic methods: electrophoresis of enzymes and chromatography of phenolic compounds (Szweykowski, Urbaniak 1982;Krzakowa et al 1994), and morpho-anatomical traits (Sokołowski 1931;Staszkiewicz 1961;Bobowicz, Korczyk 1994a, 1994bUrbaniak 1997;Skrzyszewski 2004). In the evaluation of Scots pine diversity, molecular analysis, including DNA analysis, is also used (Krzakowa 1979;Nowakowska 2007).…”