Interplay between Turing Mechanisms can Increase Pattern Diversity

Kinast, Shai; Zelnik, Yuval R.; Bel, Golan; Meron, Ehud

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.112.078701

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We refer the reader to Kinast et al . (; their Fig. 1b) and Figure S3, which show that the uptake‐diffusion feedback can indeed generate the water reservoirs in the centre of the FCs, because once the vegetation dies off, precipitation of the next rainy season can percolate deeply into the soil.…”

Section: Clarifying Misunderstandingsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…As demonstrated by Kinast et al . (), soil‐water diffusion can accelerate the local vegetation growth but inhibit the growth in the neighbourhood at further distances because soil‐water diffusion draws water from this neighbourhood. As water is limited in these unstable grasslands, this process may initiate plant death and subsequently a new FC emerges where the biomass and soil‐water distributions are in so‐called ‘antiphase’.…”

Section: Clarifying Misunderstandingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clarifying misunderstandings regarding vegetation self‐organisation and spatial patterns of fairy circles in Namibia: a response to recent termite hypotheses

Getzin

Wiegand

et al. 2015

Ecological Entomology

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Section: Clarifying Misunderstandingsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Clarifying Misunderstandingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying misunderstandings regarding vegetation self‐organisation and spatial patterns of fairy circles in Namibia: a response to recent termite hypotheses

Getzin

Wiegand

et al. 2015

Ecological Entomology

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“…) and (iii) to the assumption of weak water uptake by plants' roots or slow lateral soil water diffusion (Kinast et al . ). The simplified model reads

\frac{d B_{i}}{d t} = {normalΛ}_{i} false(B false) {normalΩ}_{i} false(B_{i} false) (1 - \frac{B_{i}}{K_{i}}) W B_{i} - M_{i} false(B_{i} false) B_{i}, i = 1, \dots, N

\frac{d w}{d t} = P - L W - Γ false(B false) W,

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Linking functional diversity to resource availability and disturbance: a mechanistic approach for water‐limited plant communities

et al. 2016

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Summary Functional diversity (FD) has become a principal concept for revealing mechanisms driving community assembly and ecosystem function. Multiple assembly processes, including abiotic filtering, competition and multi‐trophic relationships, operate simultaneously to structure FD. In water‐limited plant communities, FD is likely to reflect trade‐offs between drought resistance vs. disturbance resistance and competitive ability. We propose a mathematical mechanistic model for understanding the organization and function of water‐limited plant communities. The approach captures the interplay between abiotic filtering, below‐ and above‐ground competition and disturbance. We exploit this powerful model to uncover mechanisms underlying changes in functional diversity along stress gradients. Our approach links biomass production and FD to environmental conditions through plant resource capture ability. Functional groups are defined along a single trade‐off axis according to investment in capturing light (shoot) vs. water (root). Species growth rate is determined dynamically by the species traits, water availability and grazing stress. We derive biomass production, functional diversity and composition along precipitation and grazing gradients. Model's results revealed several regimes structuring FD along the precipitation gradient: ‘Struggle for water’ at low precipitation, ‘competition for water’ at intermediate precipitation and ‘competition for light’ at high precipitation. We observed a shift in grazing effect on FD from negative at very low precipitation, to positive at higher precipitation. Unimodal FD–grazing intensity relationship was observed under high precipitation, while under low precipitation, FD decreased moderately with increasing grazing intensity. Synthesis. Our model showcases how fundamental tradeoffs in plant traits may drive functional diversity and ecosystem function along environmental gradients. It offers a mechanism through which novel understandings can be obtained regarding the interplay between water stress, below‐ and above‐ground competition and disturbance intensity and history. We discuss further model testing possibilities as well as required empirical work.

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“…Positive feedbacks exist between vegetation and soil moisture, leading to transport of water to vegetated patches [ Cramer et al , ], mostly through soil water diffusion toward the root zone. This process enhances the vegetation growth in areas where soil moisture is available and inhibits vegetation at farther distances where moisture is limited [ Kinast et al , ]. The severe competition for available moisture may create the central bare areas in the grass patches, as observed in several studies [ Bonanomi et al , ; Sheffer et al , ; Ravi et al , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohydrological interactions within “fairy circles” in the Namib Desert: Revisiting the self‐organization hypothesis

et al. 2017

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Vegetation patterns such as rings, bands, and spots are recurrent characteristics of resource‐limited arid and semiarid ecosystems. One of the most recognizable vegetation patterns is the millions of circular patches, often referred to as “fairy circles,” within the arid grassland matrix extending over hundreds of kilometers in the Namib Desert. Several modeling studies have highlighted the role of plant‐soil interactions in the formation of these fairy circles. However, little is known about the spatial and temporal variabilities of hydrological processes inside a fairy circle. In particular, a detailed field assessment of hydrological and soil properties inside and outside the fairy circles is limited. We conducted extensive measurements of infiltration rate, soil moisture, grass biometric, and sediment grain‐size distribution from multiple circles and interspaces in the Namib Desert. Our results indicate that considerable heterogeneity in hydrological processes exists within the fairy circles, resulting from the presence of coarser particles in the inner bare soil areas, whereas concentration of fine soil occurs on the vegetated edges. The trapping of aeolian and water‐borne sediments by plants may result in the observed soil textural changes beneath the vegetation, which in turn, explains the heterogeneity in hydrological processes such as infiltration and runoff. Our investigation provides new insights and experimental data on the ecohydrological processes associated with fairy circles, from a less studied location devoid of sand termite activity within the circles. The results seem to provide support to the “self‐organization hypothesis” of fairy circle formation attributed to the antiphase spatial biomass‐water distributions.

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Interplay between Turing Mechanisms can Increase Pattern Diversity

Cited by 43 publications

References 14 publications

Clarifying misunderstandings regarding vegetation self‐organisation and spatial patterns of fairy circles in Namibia: a response to recent termite hypotheses

Clarifying misunderstandings regarding vegetation self‐organisation and spatial patterns of fairy circles in Namibia: a response to recent termite hypotheses

Linking functional diversity to resource availability and disturbance: a mechanistic approach for water‐limited plant communities

Ecohydrological interactions within “fairy circles” in the Namib Desert: Revisiting the self‐organization hypothesis

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