Interplay between Sucrose and Folate Modulates Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

Stokes, Michael; Chattopadhyay, Abhishek; Wilkins, Olivia; Nambara, Eiji; Campbell, Malcolm M.

doi:10.1104/pp.113.215095

Cited by 74 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Since auxin is central to plant growth and development, the rapid growth rates in the transformants would imply that the auxin metabolic pathway is activated. In fact, Suc is known to induce auxin levels (Lilley et al 2012;Sairanen et al 2012) and also induces auxin transport and signal transduction in Arabidopsis (Stokes et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with increased sucrose phosphate synthase activity shows enhanced growth when grown under N2-fixing conditions

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Muro-Villanueva

et al. 2015

Planta

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Overexpression of SPS in alfalfa is accompanied by early flowering, increased plant growth and an increase in elemental N and protein content when grown under N2-fixing conditions. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS; EC 2.3.1.14) is the key enzyme in the synthesis of sucrose in plants. The outcome of overexpression of SPS in different plants using transgenic approaches has been quite varied, but the general consensus is that increased SPS activity is associated with the production of new sinks and increased sink strength. In legumes, the root nodule is a strong C sink and in this study our objective was to see how increasing SPS activity in a legume would affect nodule number and function. Here we have transformed alfalfa (Medicago sativa, cv. Regen SY), with a maize SPS gene driven by the constitutive CaMV35S promoter. Our results showed that overexpression of SPS in alfalfa, is accompanied by an increase in nodule number and mass and an overall increase in nitrogenase activity at the whole plant level. The nodules exhibited an increase in the level of key enzymes contributing to N assimilation including glutamine synthetase and asparagine synthetase. Moreover, the stems of the transformants showed higher level of the transport amino acids, Asx, indicating increased export of N from the nodules. The transformants exhibited a dramatic increase in growth both of the shoots and roots, and earlier flowering time, leading to increased yields. Moreover, the transformants showed an increase in elemental N and protein content. The overall conclusion is that increased SPS activity improves the N status and plant performance, suggesting that the availability of more C in the form of sucrose enhances N acquisition and assimilation in the nodules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with increased sucrose phosphate synthase activity shows enhanced growth when grown under N2-fixing conditions

Gebril

Seger

Muro-Villanueva

et al. 2015

Planta

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“…Thus, proper functioning of folate metabolism was demonstrated to be indispensable for plant development (Gambonnet et al, 2001; Ishikawa et al, 2003; Jabrin et al, 2003; Mehrshahi et al, 2010). Folates were reported to play important roles in signaling cascades (Stokes et al, 2013), as well as in nitrogen and carbon metabolism (Jiang et al, 2013; Meng et al, 2014). Folate supplementation was demonstrated to improve plant biotic stress resistance (Wittek et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folates in Plants: Research Advances and Progress in Crop Biofortification

et al. 2017

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Folates, also known as B9 vitamins, serve as donors and acceptors in one-carbon (C1) transfer reactions. The latter are involved in synthesis of many important biomolecules, such as amino acids, nucleic acids and vitamin B5. Folates also play a central role in the methyl cycle that provides one-carbon groups for methylation reactions. The important functions fulfilled by folates make them essential in all living organisms. Plants, being able to synthesize folates de novo, serve as an excellent dietary source of folates for animals that lack the respective biosynthetic pathway. Unfortunately, the most important staple crops such as rice, potato and maize are rather poor sources of folates. Insufficient folate consumption is known to cause severe developmental disorders in humans. Two approaches are employed to fight folate deficiency: pharmacological supplementation in the form of folate pills and biofortification of staple crops. As the former approach is considered rather costly for the major part of the world population, biofortification of staple crops is viewed as a decent alternative in the struggle against folate deficiency. Therefore, strategies, challenges and recent progress of folate enhancement in plants will be addressed in this review. Apart from the ever-growing need for the enhancement of nutritional quality of crops, the world population faces climate change catastrophes or environmental stresses, such as elevated temperatures, drought, salinity that severely affect growth and productivity of crops. Due to immense diversity of their biochemical functions, folates take part in virtually every aspect of plant physiology. Any disturbance to the plant folate metabolism leads to severe growth inhibition and, as a consequence, to a lower productivity. Whereas today's knowledge of folate biochemistry can be considered very profound, evidence on the physiological roles of folates in plants only starts to emerge. In the current review we will discuss the implication of folates in various aspects of plant physiology and development.

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“…Sugars, owing to their regulatory function, affect all phases of the life cycle of plants and, interacting within phytohormones, control the processes of growth and development of plants (Wind et al 2010;Stokes et al 2013). There are many reports on the importance of sugar levels in plant resistance to diseases caused by fungal pathogens and oomycetes, but their role as signal molecules in defense responses has only been described in recent publications (Doehlemann et al 2008;Morkunas et al 2011;Bolouri Moghaddam and Van den Eden 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%