Interplay between epidermal stem cell dynamics and dermal deformation

Kobayashi, Yasuaki; Yasugahira, Yusuke; Kitahata, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Mika; Natsuga, Ken; Nagayama, Masaharu

doi:10.1038/s41524-018-0101-z

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The previous works [49,50] are limited to the report of the upper limit for the DW factor in a single V Si defect, which is below 30%-40% depending on the crystallographic site and polytype. Most of the theoretical works are concentrated on the spin-optical properties [51][52][53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local vibrational modes of Si vacancy spin qubits in SiC

et al. 2020

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Silicon carbide is a very promising platform for quantum applications because of the extraordinary spin and optical properties of point defects in this technologically friendly material. These properties are strongly influenced by crystal vibrations, but the exact relationship between them and the behavior of spin qubits is not fully investigated. We uncover the local vibrational modes of the Si vacancy spin qubits in as-grown 4H-SiC. We apply microwave-assisted spectroscopy to isolate the contribution from one particular type of defects, the so-called V2 center, and observe the zero-phonon line together with seven equally separated phonon replicas. Furthermore, we present first-principles calculations of the photoluminescence line shape, which are in excellent agreement with our experimental data. To boost up the calculation accuracy and decrease the computation time, we extract the force constants using machine-learning algorithms. This allows us to identify the dominant modes in the lattice vibrations coupled to an excited electron during optical emission in the Si vacancy. A resonance phonon energy of 36 meV and a Debye-Waller factor of about 6% are obtained. We establish experimentally that the activation energy of the optically induced spin polarization is given by the local vibrational energy. Our findings give insight into the coupling of electronic states to vibrational modes in SiC spin qubits, which is essential to predict their spin, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties. The approach described can be applied to a large variety of spin defects with spectrally overlapped contributions in SiC as well as in other threeand two-dimensional materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local vibrational modes of Si vacancy spin qubits in SiC

et al. 2020

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“…To answer this question, we employed mathematical modeling. The particle-based model of self-replicating cells (41,42) allowed us to visualize the dynamics of the epidermal basal layer and to establish the epidermal defects on the basement membrane. We utilized the data on the number of We finally applied this in silico model to a human setting, in which HFs are much more sparsely distributed but larger than their murine counterparts (Supplementary Table 1) and found that the progeny of HF keratinocytes are still the main contributors to subepidermal blister healing in humans (Figure 7a, 7b, Supplementary Video 4).…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Reproduces Blister Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mathematical model proposed for epidermal cell dynamics (41) was adapted to simulate epidermal wound healing. In this model, epidermal basal cells were represented as spherical particles, with the cell diameter set to 10 µm.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basement membrane was assumed to be a rigid flat surface, whose shape remained unchanged over time. These interactions were calculated to obtain the time evolution of the whole system by solving equations given in a previous report (41). The simulation region was set to 600 µm x 600 µm horizontally with periodic boundary conditions.…”

Section: Forces Exerted On a Cell Came From Adhesion And Excluded-volmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hair follicle stem cell progeny heal blisters while pausing skin development

Fujimura

Watanabe

Ohno

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Subepidermal blisters form through the detachment of the epidermis from the dermis.Despite such blisters being common in clinical practice, how they heal has not been fully elucidated. Here, we uncover the precise cellular contribution to subepidermal blister healing. The growth of hair follicles (HFs) was retarded during the healing processes of subepidermal blisters. The progeny of HF junctional zone stem cells (SCs), rather than those of epidermal SCs, were the main contributors to blister healing, and HF depletion from the wound bed through Col17a1 knockout verified the contribution of epidermal SC progeny. The wedge-shaped morphology of keratinocytes in the blistered skin helped cover the epidermal defects and was reduced by Col7a1 knockout or by extracellular calcium administration, resulting in delayed blister healing. These findings, corroborated by mathematical modeling and human blister samples, demonstrate that subepidermal blisters heal primarily via the replenishment of keratinocytes from HF pools at the expense of HF growth and through the proper morphological transformation of the regenerated cells. Our study paves the way for tailoring therapeutic interventions for subepidermal blistering diseases, including epidermolysis bullosa and pemphigoid diseases.

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“…Agent-based modelling has been very successful in studying various aspects of tissue growth, such as buckling and stem cell distribution in mammalian skin [39], formation of vascular networks [40] or wound healing [41]. For tumor growth, existing models focus on different stages of tumor progression, e.g.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of tissue competition: interfaces stabilize coexistence

et al. 2019

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Mechanical forces influence the dynamics of growing tissues. Computer simulations are employed to study the importance of interfacial effects in tissue competition. It was speculated previously that mechanical pressure determines the competition, where the determining quantity is the homeostatic pressure-the pressure where division and apoptosis balance; the tissue with the higher homeostatic pressure overwhelms the other. In contrast, we find that a weaker tissue can persist in stable coexistence with a stronger tissue, if adhesion between them is small enough. An analytic continuum description can quantitatively describe the underlying mechanism and reproduce the resulting pressures and cell-number fractions. Furthermore, simulations reveal a variety of coexisting structures, ranging from spherical inclusions to a bicontinuous state.

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Interplay between epidermal stem cell dynamics and dermal deformation

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Local vibrational modes of Si vacancy spin qubits in SiC

Local vibrational modes of Si vacancy spin qubits in SiC

Hair follicle stem cell progeny heal blisters while pausing skin development

Mechanics of tissue competition: interfaces stabilize coexistence

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