Interplanetary magnetic field data and corresponding geomagnetic effects for the storm of October 7, 1962

Abstract

Interplanetary magnetic fields and bulk plasma velocity values gathered by the Mariner 2 spaceprobe and corresponding to the recurrent geomagnetic storm of October 7, 1962, have been compared to ground‐based standard magnetograms and micropulsation recordings. The results indicate that (1) high‐latitude micropulsation enhancements can sometimes be correlated to large changes in interplanetary fields, (2) these sharp changes in the interplanetary fields and their corresponding effects suggest an interplanetary field structure corotating with the sun, a possibility that is consistent with the Pioneer 6 results, and (3) extended periods of micropulsations as well as bay disturbances are preceded and accompanied by exterior fields having a southward component. These results may provide support for Dungey's theory of reconnection between geomagnetic and interplanetary lines of force.

Effect of the interplanetary field on the energy of geomagnetic disturbances

“…If this energy is all available to energize the ring current, zero-order theory IDesder and Parker, 1959; Brunelli and Pudovkin, 1966;Sckopke, 1966] would predict a 28-7 main phase. The zero-order theory characteristically predicts too small a main phase disturbance field for given particle kinetic energy in the ring current [Carovillano and Maguire, 1968], so this 28-• zeroorder prediction relates fairly well to the field observed during the latter stages of this storm [Zelwer et al, 1967]. It would appear, there.fore, that the energy required for the main phase of the magnetic storm of October 7, 1962, could have been supplied by the mechanism of complete (or nearly complete) merging of the southward-directed interplanetary field into the magnetosphere.…”

Substorm aspects of magnetic pulsations

“…Results have been obtained already, which show that a southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field is more favourable to an increased substorm activity, as measured by the At index (Fairfield, 1967), by the high latitude micropulsation enhancements (Zelwer et al, 1967), or by the intensity of DP 2 current system (Nishida, 1968). But no specific relation between this southward direction and the and occurrence of IPDP's at Kerguelen.…”

The interplanetary medium and its interaction with the Earth's magnetosphere

“…This conclusion is confirmed by IMP-2 data [330] during a comparison of the magnetic fields of interplanetary space and the magnetosheath with polar magnetic disturbances. The opinion that the geomagnetic activity is effected by the field direction is given in [271,331,332] as well. These results are supposed to speak well for the reconnection of the interplanetary and geomagnetic field lines [186,214,[306][307][308][309].…”

“…The data analysis on this sudden impulse (see Section 6) showed [25,132,133,136,258,366] that in interplanetary space there is a collisionless magnetohydrodynamic shock wave, which gave rise to the sc on the Earth's surface. We shall notice that at the Earth's surface micropulsations were observed, the last were related with an sc and recorded at low latitudes and high latitudes stations [367].…”