Interpersonal Vulnerability to Depression in High-Risk Children: The Role of Insecure Attachment and Reassurance Seeking

Abela, John R. Z.; Hankin, Benjamin L.; Haigh, Emily A. P.; Adams, Philippe; Vinokuroff, Theresa; Trayhern, Lisa

doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_17

Cited by 106 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A clear model with data to support an interactional model of depression remains unavailable (Coyne, 1999), but several studies have noted links between perceptions of parental perceptions and emotional availability, theoretically related to attachment, and depression (Armsden, McCauley, Greenberg, Burke, & Mitchell, 1990;Burge et al, 1997;Cole-Detke & Kobak, 1996;. In a recently published article, Abela et al (2005) reported that severity of depressive symptoms was related to perceptions of parenting that are consistent with insecure attachment, but the relationship was moderated by the youth's excessive reassurance seeking. Attachment did not predict depression alone, but the combination of insecure attachment and excessive reassurance seeking predicted risk of more severe depression and prior history of depression in youth (Abela et al, 2005).…”

Section: Attachment-asmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recently published article, Abela et al (2005) reported that severity of depressive symptoms was related to perceptions of parenting that are consistent with insecure attachment, but the relationship was moderated by the youth's excessive reassurance seeking. Attachment did not predict depression alone, but the combination of insecure attachment and excessive reassurance seeking predicted risk of more severe depression and prior history of depression in youth (Abela et al, 2005).…”

Section: Attachment-asmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Sander

McCarty

2005

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

176

127

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Research on parent risk factors, family environment, and familial involvement in the treatment of depression in children and adolescents is integrated, providing an update to prior reviews on the topic. First, the psychosocial parent and family factors associated with youth depression are examined. The literature indicates that a broad array of parent and family factors is associated with youth risk for depression, ranging from parental pathology to parental cognitive style to family emotional climate. Next, treatment approaches for youth depression that have been empirically tested are described and then summarized in terms of their level of parent inclusion, including cognitivebehavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and family systems approaches. Families have mostly not been incorporated into clinical treatment research with depressed adolescents, with only 32% of treatments including parents in treatment in any capacity. Nonetheless, the overall effectiveness of treatments that involve children and adolescents exclusively is very similar to that of treatments that include parents as agents or facilitators of change. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings and directions for further research. Keywordsdepression; adolescence; childhood; treatment; parent factors; family risk factors Developmentally, youth are known to have close ties to their families of origin (Diamond, Siqueland, & Diamond, 2003;Steinberg, 2005). As a result, there is a general belief in the field of psychology that it is important to include parents and families in the treatment of depressed youth (Clark, Beck, & Alford, 1999;Curry, 2001) however, empirical guidelines for how to do so are lacking. Consensus about the need for, and how to measure the effects of, parental involvement in treatment is elusive (Goodman & Gotlib, 1999). Still, achieving a better understanding of the multidimensional nature of risks for depression and how parent involvement in treatment relates to those risks are the priorities for the area of youth depression.Recently, a national group of experts was called to summarize and prioritize the state of research on risk and treatment for youth depression. Specifically, the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) invited a workgroup of leaders in the field of depression to clarify the state of information about the risks for and treatment of depression, and to make recommendations on where the field needs to focus research endeavors (Costello et al., 2002). Regarding risks for depression, the workgroup recommended further research into both family environment and genetics. As summarized by Costello and the NIMH workgroup, multiple pathways to depression are evident. The workgroup emphasized the multidimensional NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript nature of depression, along with the paucity of research into the early pathways and interactions that cause depression. Although research has not identified all of the parent or family ...

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Section: Attachment-asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Attachment-asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Sander

McCarty

2005

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

176

127

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“…Insecure or disorganized caregiver attachment in early life has been significantly associated with childhood depression [72] or depressive symptoms in adolescents [73]. A large 17-year cohort study found that childhood maltreatment was associated with a 3-fold increase in depression and/or suicidal risk in adolescence and young adulthood in comparison to those without history of maltreatment, with sexual abuse being the strongest predictor of both phenomena [74].…”

Section: Mddmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline personality disorder in children and adolescents: discriminant validity in relation to major depressive disorder

Boylan¹,

Dyce²,

Semovski³

2017

J Psychol Psychiatry

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Clinical discernment of the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in adolescents is difficult, due in part to very high rates of comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD) or depressive symptoms. This paper reviews published research on studies about risk factors, neurobiological and neuropsychological correlates and treatment in both disorders for persons less than 25 years of age. The aim is to focus on differences identified between the disorders to substantiate their discriminative validity, although similarities are included. Very few studies were found which directly compared youth with both disorders -or both disorders -in the same sample. These studies found strong covariation between BPD and MDD symptoms across adolescence and conjoint response to dialectical behavioural therapy. Youth with BPD may have greater impairments in social processing than youth with MDD. Indirect comparisons supported poor evidence for discriminative validity and no findings were replicated. To date, the limited research base does not support that BPD and MDD are distinct disorders in adolescence, however the absence of observed differences is not the same as evidence of no difference. Given the importance of improving psychiatric and psychological care for youth, it is strongly recommended that studies about adolescent mood and mood disorder include concurrent and repeated measurement of BPD and MDD.

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“…Other research has linked anxious attachment to ERS, a maladaptive behavior characteristic of individuals with depression (Abela, Hankin, Haigh, Adams, Vinokuroff, & Trayhem, 2005;Davila, 2001;Evraire & Dozois, n.d.;Hammen, 1991;Timmons & Joiner, 2008;Shaver, Schachner, & Mikulincer, 2005). ERS is defined as "the relatively stable tendency to excessively and persistently seek assurances from others that one is lovable and worthy, regardless of whether such assurance has already been provided" (Joiner, Matalsky, Katz, & Beach, 1999, p. 270).…”

Section: Anxious Attachment and Self-worthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment Style and the Stability of Self-worth Following Life Events

Ludmer¹,

Vernon²,

Gardner³

2013

JPR

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This study explored the stability of self-worth among avoidantly and anxiously attached individuals in achievement and social domains. Undergraduate students (n = 180) completed measures of attachment style and were given a list of life events. Participants rated the extent to which their global self-worth would increase or decrease as a result of each event. Avoidantly attached individuals reported relatively stable levels of self-worth, whereas anxiously attached individuals reported heightened self-worth from positive interpersonal events and lowered self-worth from negative interpersonal events. Results suggest that avoidantly attached individuals may not create contingencies of self-worth, whereas anxiously attached individuals may create contingencies of self-worth within the social domain.

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Interpersonal Vulnerability to Depression in High-Risk Children: The Role of Insecure Attachment and Reassurance Seeking

Cited by 106 publications

References 34 publications

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Borderline personality disorder in children and adolescents: discriminant validity in relation to major depressive disorder

Attachment Style and the Stability of Self-worth Following Life Events

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