Interpersonal synchronization of spontaneously generated body movements

Koul, Atesh; Ahmar, Davide; Iannetti, Gian Domenico; Novembre, Giacomo

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106104

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Our findings may offer new insights into studying the spread of emotions in the absence of in-person social contact and identifying collective behaviors to new threats, such as the emergence of a new strain of virus, that may occur in the future. Our study also revealed that synchronized facial behaviors can occur without in-person contact, indicating that the behavioral synchrony observed during the pandemic lockdown was not solely due to behavioral mimicry, which typically requires in-person contact (16). Instead, our results suggest that synchronized facial behaviors might reflect an internal state triggered by an external stressor, such as the pandemic lockdown, leading to a similar internal state across individuals who had no contact.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Facial insights: An exploration of similarity in spontaneous facial behaviors during pandemic lockdown

Chou¹,

Chen²,

Kuo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The pandemic lockdown resulted in billions of individuals be- coming socially isolated while being bombarded with unset- tling news through online media outlets. Emotional contagion, which can propagate through means beyond in-person contact, is likely to have played a significant role in amplifying the spread of negative emotions worldwide. Despite the fact that facial be- haviors can become more synchronous under the influence of emotional contagion, it remains unclear whether individuals ex- hibit synchronous negative facial expressions in stressful situa- tions where social contact is limited. To address this gap, this study took a naturalistic viewing approach to record real-time facial behaviors while participants watched a series of pandemic and death-related movie clips in a lockdown group (N=26) and a post-lockdown group (N=32). The facial action unit (AU) fea- tures were extracted from facial videos, and intersubject corre- lation (ISC) was utilized to compute the degree of synchrony across individuals within their respective groups. Lastly, we built a machine-learning model that utilized within-group AU- ISC values as features and accurately classified participants into their respective groups. Our results revealed that the weights of our predictive model closely aligned with expressions of sad- ness and fear, supporting our initial hypothesis that individuals tend to exhibit more synchronized facial behaviors, particularly those associated with negative emotions, during the lockdown period than during post-lockdown periods. Our study offers novel insights that could inform future research into the under- lying mechanisms and implications of synchronized facial be- haviors as a potential collective response to external stressors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Facial insights: An exploration of similarity in spontaneous facial behaviors during pandemic lockdown

Chou¹,

Chen²,

Kuo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Most studies that have investigated intra-and interpersonal coordination have focused on performance outcomes at the (macroscopic) level of movement either by examining task-instructed [24,34,35] or spontaneous [36,37] movement coordination. This body of work shows that coordination does not only involve temporal alignment of movements but extends to the way in which movements are performed (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microstructure of intra- and interpersonal coordination

Nazzaro,

Emanuele,

Laroche

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Movements are naturally composed of submovements, i.e. recurrent speed pulses (2–3 Hz), possibly reflecting intermittent feedback-based motor adjustments. In visuomotor (unimanual) synchronization tasks, partners alternate submovements over time, indicating mutual coregulation. However, it is unclear whether submovement coordination is organized differently between and within individuals. Indeed, different types of information may be variably exploited for intrapersonal and interpersonal coordination. Participants performed a series of bimanual tasks alone or in pairs, with or without visual feedback (solo task only). We analysed the relative timing of submovements between their own hands or between their own hands and those of their partner. Distinct coordinative structures emerged at the submovement level depending on the relevance of visual feedback. Specifically, the relative timing of submovements (between partners/effectors) shifts from alternation to simultaneity and a mixture of both when coordination is achieved using vision (interpersonal), proprioception/efference-copy only (intrapersonal, without vision) or all information sources (intrapersonal, with vision), respectively. These results suggest that submovement coordination represents a behavioural proxy for the adaptive weighting of different sources of information within action-perception loops. In sum, the microstructure of movement reveals common principles governing the dynamics of sensorimotor control to achieve both intra- and interpersonal coordination.

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“…A potential solution is using video-based automatized analysis of behavior, which allows for complex measurements with fewer resources needed. Some algorithms were initially developed for animal research (Lauer et al, 2022) but are becoming more common in analyzing human adult data (Koul et al, 2023). Recently they have been increasingly applied to developmental data (Solby et al, 2021).…”

Section: Beyond the Lab: Home And Online Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early social communication through music: State of the art and future perspectives

Nguyen¹,

Flaten²,

Trainor³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A growing body of research shows that the universal capacity for music perception and production emerges early in development. Possibly building on this predisposition, caregivers around the world often communicate with infants using songs or speech entailing song-like characteristics. This suggests that music might be one of the earliest developing and most accessible forms of interpersonal communication, providing a platform for studying early communicative behavior. However, little research has examined music in truly communicative contexts. The current work aims to facilitate the development of experimental approaches that rely on dynamic and naturalistic social interactions. We first review two longstanding lines of research that examine musical interactions by focusing either on the caregiver or the infant. These include defining the acoustic and non-acoustic features that characterize infant-directed (ID) music, as well as behavioral and neurophysiological research examining infants’ processing of musical timing and pitch. Next, we review recent studies looking at early musical interactions holistically. This research focuses on how caregivers and infants interact using music to achieve co-regulation, mutual engagement, and increase affiliation and prosocial behavior. We conclude by discussing methodological, technological, and analytical developments that might empower a comprehensive study of musical communication in early childhood.

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Interpersonal synchronization of spontaneously generated body movements

Cited by 16 publications

References 107 publications

Facial insights: An exploration of similarity in spontaneous facial behaviors during pandemic lockdown

Facial insights: An exploration of similarity in spontaneous facial behaviors during pandemic lockdown

The microstructure of intra- and interpersonal coordination

Early social communication through music: State of the art and future perspectives

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