“…Techniques that have been empirically shown to enhance coping skills increase youths' abilities to withstand direct and indirect interpersonal, intrapersonal and environmental pressures through cognitive-behavioral interventions designed to encourage specific skills and ways of thinking. Increased self-esteem, sense of personal control, heightened self-confidence, values clarification, assertiveness skills, and stress-management techniques are examples of approaches that have been effective in intervention trials (Blount and Dembo, 1984;Botvin, 1983;Demob, Blount, Schmeidler, and Burgos, 1986;Dupont and Jason, 1984;Schinke, 1981;Schinke and Gilchrist, 1984;Schinke, Gilchrist, Snow, and Schilling, 1985a;Schinke, Schilling et al, 1985b;Zoller and Maymon, 1986).…”