Interpersonal information conveyed by the content and vocal aspects of speech

Hart, Roland J.; Brown, Bruce L.

doi:10.1080/03637757409375862

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In accord with this, Hunt and Lin (1967) concluded, from an experimental study involving response prediction, that personality information from speech content is either redundant with vocal qualities information or irrelevant to the judgmental task. Hart and Brown (1974) have pointed out methodological weaknesses in all three of the foregoing studies and have presented evidence from other studies, including their own, which conflicts with these conclusions concerning the relatively small amount of attitude or personality information in speech content. Two studies, in particular, suggest an alternative to the Mehrabian, et al conclusions.…”

Section: The Relative Contributions Of Verbal Vocal and Visual Variamentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In an earlier study Markel, Meisels and Houck (1964) found that speakers who differed widely in vocal qualities were rated differently on potency adjectives, but not on evaluative adjectives. Hart and Brown (1974) tested the hypothesis which can be abstracted from the two Markel et al studies: that content holds more information for ratings on "evaluative"-type adjectives (like kindness, tolerance, etc.) while vocal qualities contain more information for ratings on "potency"-type adjectives (like strong, confident, etc.).…”

Section: The Relative Contributions Of Verbal Vocal and Visual Variamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acoustic Determinants of Perceptions of Personality From Speech

Brown¹,

STRONG²,

RENCHER³

1975

International Journal of the Sociology of Language

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The studies reviewed in this paper are somewhat diverse. The one unifying feature in all of them is their purpose of identifying the ways in which non-content aspects of speech elicit personality impressions. Whether the speech variables are dialect (or sociolect) categories or personality-expressive characteristics, whether they are linguistically categorized or acoustically manipulated variables, the central interest is in identifying the "implicit personality theory" of judges in their reactions to various types of speech. THE QUANTIFIABILITY OF VOCAL VARIABLESStudies of "implicit personality theory" (Bruner and Tagiuri, 1954) and interpersonal perception have a long history in social psychology, but investigators have typically avoided using actual people as stimuli, probably because of the difficulties of quantifying the appearance and behavior of stimulus persons. It is easy enough to quantify the personality impression responses of judges by using adjective rating scales, but there are so many aspects to the appearance and observable behavior of the stimulus person that it becomes difficult to specify the cues by which the judge makes his judgments. Many investigators have avoided the problem by reading a list of adjectives to judges, pretending that the traits apply to some real person, and then asking judges to check other adjectives that they think would apply to the person. This procedure might provide useful information about which traits go together to form each judge's "implicit personality theory", but it also runs the risk of being merely a word definition game. 1 1 The same kind of information as to which traits go together in the "implicit personality theories" of persons has been gathered in the more concrete situations where actual people are rated on adjectives. The judgments are made either from acquaintance with the persons or from exposure to the vocal, visual or verbal characteristics of the person and often the ratings are factor analyzed to present the interrelations among the trait adjectives in simplified form. Numerous examples of such studies appear in this review.

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Section: The Relative Contributions Of Verbal Vocal and Visual Variamentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: The Relative Contributions Of Verbal Vocal and Visual Variamentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Determinants of Perceptions of Personality From Speech

Brown¹,

STRONG²,

RENCHER³

1975

International Journal of the Sociology of Language

Self Cite

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“…For example, the personality dimensions of assertiveness/dominance and extraversion/sociability have been identified with high interjudge agreement from extralinguistic features (Markel et al, 1964;Markel & Roblin, 1965;Sherer, 1972). However, in related studies, patterns inconsistent with the above results were obtained (e.g., Hart & Brown, 1974).…”

Section: Extralinguistic Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Although content categories have been used most consistently to investigate internal psychodynamics and characterological traits, one group of researchers (Gottschalk & Frank, 1967;Gottschalk, Winget, & Gleser, 1969) have concluded that "the relative magnitude of an affect can be validly estimated from the typescript of the speech of an individual using solely content variables and not including paralariguage variables" (Gottschalk & Gleser, 1969, p. 96). A number of studies have been carried out that directly or indirectly address this issue (Cook, 1969;Gottschalk & Frank, 1967;Hart & Brown, 1974;Mahl, 1956Mahl, , 1959Markel, Meisels, & Houck, 1964;Markel & Roblin, 1965;Mehrabian & Ferris, 1967). Though the empirical findings are somewhat equivocal, Mahl's (1956) theoretical assessment that "the most valid measures [of transitory states] will be based on the expressive [i.e., extralinguistic] aspects of speech rather than on the manifest content measures" (p. 13) is still most compelling, empirically and theoretically (see Mahl, 1959, for a theoretical discussion of this issue; see Cook, 1969;Markel & Roblin, 1965, for some empirical evidence).…”

Section: Content Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Categories for classifying language in psychotherapy.

Russell

Stiles²

1979

Psychological Bulletin

107

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A review of language analysis systems employed in psychotherapy research suggests a typology based on the combination of three category types with two coding strategies. The types are (a) content categories, (b) intersubjective categories, and (c) extralinguistic categories. They are denned by distinct sets of language features. The coding strategies are (a) the classical coding strategy, in which categories describe the text, and (b) the pragmatic coding strategy, in which categories describe the speaker. A review of research results suggests that the content, intersubjective, and extralinguistic features constitute distinct channels of communication and that (a) the content channel carries information pertaining to the speaker's psychodynamic process and personality structure, (b) the intersubjective channel carries information pertaining to the quality of the speaker's relationship with the other, and (c) the extralinguistic channel carries information pertaining to the speaker's transitory emotional state. System consistency criteria are suggested for use in conjunction with the typology to evaluate categories and category systems.If the first stage in the scientific study of a phenomenon is naming and classifying, the study of verbal behavior in psychotherapy is mired in its first stage. Reviews of the psychotherapy content analysis literature (Auld

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Attributes of a telemarketer's voice and persuasiveness

Ketrow

1990

Journal of Direct Marketing

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It is widely believed that the voice is critical to success in telemarketing. While little research supports this directly, a large body of research related to vocal cues and social cognition establishes clear support for this point of view. This article finds that a fluent, slightly faster than listener, moderately loud voice using a standard dialect, clear diction, and a “normal” voice quality lends itself to greatest perceptions of credibility and social attractiveness for the speaker. This in turn should lead to greater persuasiveness and compliance on the part of the target.

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Interpersonal information conveyed by the content and vocal aspects of speech

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Acoustic Determinants of Perceptions of Personality From Speech

Acoustic Determinants of Perceptions of Personality From Speech

Categories for classifying language in psychotherapy.

Attributes of a telemarketer's voice and persuasiveness

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