Interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels for removal of synthetic dyes: A comprehensive review

Ahmadian, Moslem; Jaymand, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215152

Cited by 59 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Global industrialization including refineries, textiles, paper manufacturing, leather processing, plastic production, and chemicals has employed diverse organic dyes, resulting in the release of substantial amounts of harmful substances into the environment. − It is common for approximately 30–40% of these organic dyes to endure in wastewater. − Moreover, the presence of these organic dyes inhibits photosynthesis and contributes to various significant health problems for the human populace. − To tackle these issues, it is crucial to treat wastewater produced by these sectors before discharging it. Various chemical and physical methods, including coagulation, adsorption, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis, and photocatalysis, have been used to remove organic dyes from wastewater. − Among these strategies, semiconductor photocatalysis has emerged as a notably efficient method for addressing wastewater pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Al-Farraj,

Abdelrahman

2024

ACS Omega

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The discharge of congo red dye into water sources by factories has been associated with a range of health concerns, such as cancer, redness, skin irritation, and allergic reactions. As a result, this research focused on the cost-effective and straightforward production of MgAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles by using the Pechini sol−gel process. Subsequently, these nanoparticles were employed for the successful photocatalytic decomposition of congo red dye. Moreover, extensive characterization of the fabricated MgAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles was conducted through diverse methodologies, which included Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet−visible spectrophotometry, highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the XRD analysis disclosed that the average crystal size of the produced MgAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles is 10.36 nm, and their optical energy gap was determined to be 3.71 eV. The FE-SEM examination unveiled a combination of spherical and disorganized structures with a 0.14 μm average grain size. HR-TEM analysis, in turn, revealed that the fabricated MgAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles were composed of minuscule spherical particles with an average diameter of 8.75 nm. The maximum degradation of 50 mL of congo red dye at a concentration of 25 mg/L reached 99.27% within 80 min at a pH of 3. Additionally, the findings confirmed the consistent decomposition activity toward congo red dye even after four cycles, thereby validating the effectiveness and reusability of the MgAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles that were developed in this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Al-Farraj,

Abdelrahman

2024

ACS Omega

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“…Therefore, dye-containing wastewater needs to be treated before being discharged into the environment. − Many wastewater treatment methods were developed, such as photocatalytic degradation, biological remediation, and adsorption. Related researches showed that the most effective method for removing dyes is adsorption without additional pollution. − In this work, we developed a novel “dual-purpose single reagent” strategy for the synthesis of porous HCPs embedded with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to form the magnetic nanocomposites acting as an adsorbent for dye removal from the aqueous solution. Considering the abundant aromatic rings in the magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle/hyper-cross-linked polymer (MHCP) structure, an azo dye CV was selected as the target analyte and the adsorption performance was discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticle/Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer Composites for Dye Removal

Gao,

Lu,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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A "dual-purpose reagent" strategy was developed for the facile synthesis of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle/hyper-cross-linked polymers (MHCPs). Ferric chloride serves both as a catalyst for the Friedel−Crafts reaction and as an iron source for the preparation of Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles. This preparation method is advantageous in terms of simplicity, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. A variety of analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transformed infrared spectra were employed to characterize the composites. The high density of aromatic and alkyl groups on hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) enables them to exhibit a high affinity for dyes through hydrophobic and π−π interactions. The complexation of HCPs with magnetic nanoparticles makes the dye removal process simple, fast, and efficient. As a result, the MHCPs exhibited excellent adsorption performance for different azo dyes. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe 3 O 4 /HCP TPB for crystal violet (CV) was up to 100.3 mg/g with an adsorption efficiency of 94.1%. The experimental data of CV adsorption on Fe 3 O 4 /HCP TPB were computed by different isotherm and kinetics models. The results showed that the experimental data were in close agreement with the Langmuir model and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In addition, even after 6 successive cycles of adsorption−desorption, acceptable removal efficiency was still retained. Based on these results, MHCPs are a promising adsorbent in the removal of dyes from the aqueous phase.

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“…If these effluents are released into natural water bodies, they can lead to severe water pollution. Wastewater containing dyes can elevate the chemical oxygen demand in water and diminish light penetration, affecting the photosynthesis activity in aquatic environments [4,5]. Certain dyes are non-biodegradable due to their intricate aromatic structure and can be carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Ferrite Nanoparticles: A Simple Synthesis Approach for the Effective Disposal of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Environments

Al-Kadhi,

Al-Senani,

Algethami

et al. 2024

Inorganics

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Congo red dye is classified as a toxic chemical and can be harmful if ingested, inhaled, or in contact with the skin or eyes. It can cause irritation, allergic reactions, and skin sensitization in some individuals. Thus, in this paper, CaFe2O4 nanoparticles were produced by a simple Pechini sol-gel approach and used as an adsorbent material for the efficient disposal of Congo red dye from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the CaFe2O4 towards Congo red dye is 318.47 mg/g. Furthermore, the synthesized CaFe2O4 nanoparticles exhibit an average crystal size of 24.34 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination showed that the CaFe2O4 nanoparticles are basically ball-like particles with a mean grain size of 540.54 nm. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination showed that the CaFe2O4 sample revealed aggregated spherical particles with a mean diameter of 27.48 nm. The Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) pattern reveals that the produced CaFe2O4 nanoparticles are composed of Ca, Fe, and O elements, with an atomic ratio of 1:2:4 of these elements, respectively. The disposal of Congo red dye by the synthesized CaFe2O4 nanoparticles is chemical, spontaneous, exothermic, perfectly aligned with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and exhibited excellent conformity with the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm.

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Interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels for removal of synthetic dyes: A comprehensive review

Cited by 59 publications

References 164 publications

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticle/Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer Composites for Dye Removal

Calcium Ferrite Nanoparticles: A Simple Synthesis Approach for the Effective Disposal of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Environments

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Interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels for removal of synthetic dyes: A comprehensive review

Cited by 59 publications

References 164 publications

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl2O4 Nanoparticles

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl2O4 Nanoparticles

Fe3O4 Nanoparticle/Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer Composites for Dye Removal

Calcium Ferrite Nanoparticles: A Simple Synthesis Approach for the Effective Disposal of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Environments

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Product

Resources

About

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye Using Facilely Synthesized and Characterized MgAl₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticle/Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer Composites for Dye Removal