Interpenetrating hydrogel networks based on polyacrylamide and poly(itaconic acid): synthesis and characterization

Kayaman, Nilhan; Hamurcu, E. Elif; Uyanık, Nurseli; Baysal, Bahatti̇n M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3935(19990101)200:1<231::aid-macp231>3.3.co;2-r

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Specifically, PIA shows a broad À ÀOH stretching absorption peak in the range of 2800-3400 cm 21 , a strong and narrower peak at about 1710 cm 21 corresponding to carboxylic acid C¼ ¼O stretching, a peak at 1400 cm 21 corresponding to CÀ ÀOÀ ÀH in-plane bending, a peak at 1200 cm 21 corresponding to CÀ ÀO stretching and a peak at 920 nm corresponding to OÀ ÀH out-of-plane bending. 25 PEG, on the other hand, shows a peak at 2890 cm 21 corresponding to asymmetric vibration of terminal methyl groups on PEG chains. Figure 4 displays the FTIR spectra of P(IA-g-EG) hydrogels prepared with varying monomer molar ratios, crosslinker content, and solvent content.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of pH‐responsive hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid‐g‐ethylene glycol) prepared by UV‐initiated free radical polymerization as biomaterials for oral delivery of bioactive agents

Betancourt

Pardo

Soo

et al. 2009

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Effective oral delivery of proteins is impeded by steep pH gradients and proteolytic enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as low absorption of the proteins into the bloodstream due to their size, charge or solubility. In the present work, pH-responsive complexation hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid) with poly(ethylene glycol) grafts were synthesized for applications in oral drug delivery. These hydrogels were expected to be in collapsed configuration at low pH due to hydrogen bonding between poly(itaconic acid) carboxyl groups and poly(ethylene glycol), and to swell with increasing pH because of charge repulsion between deprotonated carboxylic acid groups. Hydrogels were prepared by UV-initiated free radical polymerization using tetraethylene glycol as the crosslinking agent and Irgacure® 2959 as the initiator. The effect of monomer ratios, crosslinking ratio and solvent amount on the properties of the hydrogels were investigated. The composition of the hydrogels was confirmed by FTIR. Equilibrium swelling studies in the pH range of 1.2 to 7 revealed that the extent of swelling increased with increasing pH up to a pH of about 6, when no further carboxylic acid deprotonation occurred. Studies in Caco-2 colorectal carcinoma cells confirmed the cytocompatibility of these materials at concentrations of up to 5 mg/ml.

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Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of pH‐responsive hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid‐g‐ethylene glycol) prepared by UV‐initiated free radical polymerization as biomaterials for oral delivery of bioactive agents

Betancourt

Pardo

Soo

et al. 2009

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Similarly, there is also another category of interpenetrating polymer network, called semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (semi‐IPN). In semi‐IPN materials, the guest polymers that do not form permanent cross‐links interpenetrate with the main network . For such materials, various physical properties, including the thermal properties and mechanical toughness, are modified or enhanced by adding guest polymers that have different thermal or flow properties.…”

Section: Summary Of Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of All Polyester‐Based Semi‐IPN Elastomers Containing Self‐Associative or Non‐Associative Guest Chains via Post‐Blending Cross‐Linking

Hayashi

Sugimoto

Takasu

2019

Macro Materials & Eng

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and gels. [7][8][9][10][11] The fracture of these materials occurs mainly because of the localized stress concentration in the molecular network under deformation. [12,13] Therefore, suppression of the stress concentration should be required to achieve high-toughness materials, which can be enabled simply by incorporation of a stress-dissipation device in the network structure. For the most-known example, Gong's group has developed the double network gel (DN gels) composed of two kinds of network with different strength, [14][15][16][17][18][19] where these two kinds of cross-linked networks are interpenetrating with each other. Thus DN gels are a special class, but can be categorized and called as the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN [20][21][22][23][24] ). In their first report, [25] the first network is kept flexible and highly stretchable while the second network is designed to be brittle against deformation. Under deformation, the brittle network is therefore broken primary to the fracture of the flexible network. The fracture of the brittle network can work sacrificially to suppress stress-localization in the network, providing high mechanical toughness to the material. Similarly, there is also another category of interpenetrating poly mer network, called semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN). In semi-IPN materials, the guest polymers that do not form permanent cross-links interpenetrate with the main network. [26][27][28][29][30] For such materials, various physical properties, including the thermal properties and mechanical toughness, are modified or enhanced by adding guest polymers that have different thermal or flow properties.Conventionally, IPN or semi-IPN materials are prepared by polymerization of second monomers in the presence of a first cross-linked network, where the cross-linkable monomers (such as divinyl monomers) are also added in case for preparation of IPN materials. Therefore, in such preparation methods, the molecular characteristics of component polymers and networks (e.g., the molecular weight, the fraction of second network or guest polymers) are difficult to be quantified due to the insoluble nature of cross-linked systems. This limits the precise investigation of correlation between molecular characteristics and physical properties. In addition, for both IPN and semi-IPN materials, the compatibility between the component Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Mechanical properties of semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) elastomers consisting of chemical networks and self-associative/nonassociative guest chains are demonstrated. Amorphous low T g polyesters with thiol side groups (PE-SH) are first synthesized by melt polycondensation. PE-SH are then converted to polyesters containing COOH side groups (PE-COOH) and amide side groups (PE-amide) through Michael addition reaction of thiol groups with acrylic acid and acrylamide, respectively. Homogeneous semi-IPN elastomers are obtained by thermal cross-linking for bulk mixtures of PE-COOH and PE-amide in the...

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“…Herein, is the density of dry PAAm gel (using 1.27 g/mL as reported 42 ), V 1 is the molar volume of the swelling agent (18.0 mL/mol for water), and is the Flory polymer-solvent interaction parameter (0.48 for PAAm gelwater system 35 ). In Equations (2) and (3), the polymer volume fractions of the gel in the relaxed state ( 2,r ) and the swollen state ( 2,s ) can be determined as follows:…”

Section: Ipns Are Listed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semi-IPN hydrogels were prepared by the aqueous freeradical polymerization of AAm at the presence of PEG. 34,35 A series of PEG-containing (M n ϭ 1000 or 8000) PAAm hydrogels was prepared by varying composition of PEG (23,42, and 65 wt %) in the hydrogels. Typically, the synthesis of 65 wt % PEG 1000-containing semi-IPN was described as follows: 930 mg PEG (0.93 mM), 500 mg AAm (7.04 mM), 9.9 mg MBA (0.064 mM), 10 mg potassium persulfate (0.037 mM), and 9.9 g distilled water (0.55M) were mixed with a magnetic stir bar until they were all completely dissolved.…”

Section: Preparation Of Semi-ipn Hydrogels and Swelling Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended release of a novel antidepressant, venlafaxine, based on anionic polyamidoamine dendrimers and poly(ethylene glycol)‐containing semi‐interpenetrating networks

Lopina

2004

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The multiple daily administration of venlafaxine, a novel third-generation antidepressant, was reduced based on polyamidoamine and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-containing semi-interpenetrating network (IPN), respectively. Venlafaxine was covalently linked to water-soluble G2.5 anionic polyamidoamine dendrimer via a hydrolyzable ester bond. Semi-IPN hydrogels were prepared by crosslinking acrylamide in the presence of PEG, and venlafaxine with predetermined amounts was loaded in situ. Dendrimer-venlafaxine conjugate and semi-IPNs were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared, respectively. The effect of PEG concentration and molecular weight was studied and discussed for an optimal controlled release.

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Interpenetrating hydrogel networks based on polyacrylamide and poly(itaconic acid): synthesis and characterization

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of pH‐responsive hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid‐g‐ethylene glycol) prepared by UV‐initiated free radical polymerization as biomaterials for oral delivery of bioactive agents

Characterization of pH‐responsive hydrogels of poly(itaconic acid‐g‐ethylene glycol) prepared by UV‐initiated free radical polymerization as biomaterials for oral delivery of bioactive agents

Preparation of All Polyester‐Based Semi‐IPN Elastomers Containing Self‐Associative or Non‐Associative Guest Chains via Post‐Blending Cross‐Linking

Extended release of a novel antidepressant, venlafaxine, based on anionic polyamidoamine dendrimers and poly(ethylene glycol)‐containing semi‐interpenetrating networks

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