Interparty Attitudes in Chile: Coalitions as Superordinate Social Identities

González, Roberto; Manzi, Jorge; Sáiz, José L.; Brewer, Marilynn B.; Tezanos‐Pinto, Pablo De; Torres, David; Aravena, María Teresa; Aldunate, Nerea

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2007.00614.x

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Partisan identity has been declining in Europe and may be more complex than in the U.S. because many European democracies operate as multi-party systems (Dalton and Wattenberg 2002;Huber et al 2005). Moreover, multi-party systems often generate coalitional governments aligned along ideological lines that can also blur loyalty to a single party (Hagevi 2015;Meffert et al 2009;González et al 2008).…”

Section: Measuring Expressive Partisanshipmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measuring Partisanship as a Social Identity in Multi-Party Systems

Bankert¹,

2016

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There is no doubt that partisanship is a powerful influence on democratic political behavior. But there is also a lively debate on its nature and origins: Is it largely instrumental in nature and shaped by party performance and issues stances? Or is it basically a long-standing expressive identity reinforced by motivated reasoning and strong emotions? We assess the nature of partisanship in the European context, examining the measurement properties and predictive validity of a multiitem partisan identity scale included in national surveys conducted in the Netherlands, Sweden, and the U.K. Using a latent variable model, we show that an eightitem partisan identity scale provides greater information about partisan intensity than a standard single-item and has the same measurement properties across the three countries. In addition, the identity scale better predicts in-party voting and political participation than a measure of ideological intensity (based on both leftright self-placement and agreement with the party on key issues), providing support for an expressive approach to partisanship in several European democracies.

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Section: Measuring Expressive Partisanshipmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measuring Partisanship as a Social Identity in Multi-Party Systems

Bankert¹,

2016

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“…However, the sense of being a member of the same coalition and especially the positive affect that members feel concerning the coalition with which they identify helps them cope with group differences that normally bring them apart. This common identity helps preserve political distinctiveness and reduces feelings of threat from other political groups (Gaertner & Dovidio, 2011 ;González & Brown, 2003González et al, 2008 ). These fi ndings could be understood within the social identity framework, especially in terms of optimal distinctiveness and dual identity models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Social Identities and Conflict in Chile: The Role of Historical and Political Processes

González

Gerber

Carvacho

2016

Peace Psychology Book Series

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Historical and political processes have shaped the construction of the most relevant social identities in Chile. In this chapter, we will discuss how these processes have been related to the development of meaningful social identities in the Chilean society and how their structure, experiences of threats and the nature of their intergroup relations can be seen as relevant factors associated to the development of confl ict between the groups involved. Specifi cally, drawing on social identity theory (SIT; Tajfel & turner, 1986 ), we will analyse fi ve social identities across different contexts: ethnic identities, national identity in the context of immigration, political identities, gender identities, and social class identities. For each of these, we describe the historical background that gave rise to status and power differences, the nature of their intergroup relations, the social confl icts that emerge among the groups involved, threats to social identity, as well as out-group derogation.We seek to contribute to the integration of historical and contextual perspectives with socio-psychological theories to better understand the development of social identities and confl icts. Psychology has focused on psychological factors (e.g. the way we perceive the social world and the way we think and feel about others and ourselves) to explain human behaviour. However, the social identities and related confl icts we analyse in the Chilean context have been heavily infl uenced by historical and political contextual factors (social confl ict, ideologies and social change forces) that are often disregarded in social psychology. Indeed, we argue that sociopolitical contexts normally shape the psychological functioning of human beings (e.g. social identities). This infl uence in turn, motivates several psychological processes that contribute to maintaining the status quo, group differences and power relations that

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“…Esta teoría afirma que, para mejorar las relaciones intergrupales, las estrategias deben apuntar a recategorizar los grupos, de tal modo que las identidades endo y exogrupales se vean subsumidas en una categoría superordinada más inclusiva (Gaertner & Dovidio, 2000;González & Brown, 2003, 2006González et al, 2008). En la presente investigación buscamos examinar la relación entre la identificación con la identidad endogrupal común (i.e., chilenos) y el perdón intergrupal y la disposición a otorgar reparaciones a las víctimas.…”

Section: Identidades Grupales Y Superordinadasunclassified

“…Por otra parte, la invocación de una identidad superior, en la que los grupos en conflicto pueden reconocer aspectos comunes que atenúen sus diferencias y disensos, también mostró un rol al promover actitudes positivas hacia el exogrupo, especialmente en la disposición a perdonar. La coexistencia de procesos de mantención de los conflictos, a partir de las identidades endogrupales, y de atenuación de los mismos, a partir de las identidades comunes, es consistente con la noción de identidad dual, la cual satisface tanto la necesidad de diferenciación intergrupal y de pertenencia como de inclusión grupal, favoreciendo actitudes intergrupales positivas (Gaertner & Dovidio, 2000;González & Brown, 2003, 2006González et al, 2008;Noor et al, 2012).…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Identidad Social y Emociones Intergrupales: Antecedentes de las Actitudes de Perdón y Reparación Política en Chile

2013

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En el contexto de los procesos de reconciliación política en Chile, el estudio conceptualiza y somete a prueba un modelo mediacional que examina el patrón de relaciones que se establece entre identidades sociales (nacional y política) y actitudes de perdón y reparación política, mediado por emociones intergrupales (rabia, empatía, confianza, culpa y vergüenza). El modelo predice que las identidades sociales se asocian a las actitudes de perdón y reparación a través de las emociones propuestas. Implementando un muestreo intencional, 225 alumnos de 6 universidades de Santiago que se identifican con la derecha y 264 con la izquierda participaron voluntariamente en el estudio. Hubo un apoyo parcial al rol mediador de las emociones intergrupales en la relación entre identidad social y actitudes de reparación y perdón, pues se constató un patrón diferente según el grupo: en el de izquierda la empatía y la rabia fueron mediadores significativos del perdón; en el de derecha solo la empatía resultó ser un mediador significativo para la reparación y perdón intergrupal. Se discuten las implicancias teóricas y prácticas de estos hallazgos.Palabras clave: perdón intergrupal, reparación política, emociones intergrupales, identidades socialesIn the context of the Chilean political reconciliation process, the present study conceptualizes and tests a meditational model that examines the relational pattern established between social identities (national and political) and attitudes toward political forgiveness and reparation, mediated by intergroup emotional factors (anger, empathy, trust, guilt, and shame). The model predicts that social identities are associated with forgiveness and reparation through the proposed emotional processes. A purposive sample of 225 students of 6 universities of Santiago who identify with the right and 264 who identify with the left voluntarily took part in the study. The results partially supported the predicted meditational role played by intergroup emotions in the relationship of identities with forgiveness and reparation, with different relational patterns being observed in the left and right-wing groups. In the former, empathy and anger were significant mediators of forgiveness, while in the latter, only empathy was a significant mediator of intergroup forgiveness and reparation. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are addressed.

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Interparty Attitudes in Chile: Coalitions as Superordinate Social Identities

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

Measuring Partisanship as a Social Identity in Multi-Party Systems

Measuring Partisanship as a Social Identity in Multi-Party Systems

Social Identities and Conflict in Chile: The Role of Historical and Political Processes

Identidad Social y Emociones Intergrupales: Antecedentes de las Actitudes de Perdón y Reparación Política en Chile

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