Interocular correlation, luminance contrast and cyclopean processing

Cormack, Lawrence K.; Stevenson, Scott B.; Schor, Clifton M.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90172-2

Cited by 132 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similar results have been obtained for narrow-band-filtered random-dot stereograms by Cormack et al [1991]. We rely on their data when modeling the dependence of stereoacuity on luminance contrast magnitudes.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…In the additional materials we provide a plot which shows our model in a bigger range of disparity magnitude values such that the disparity limit is visible across whole range of disparity frequencies. where r := [ −0.9468, 4.4094, −6.9054, 4.7294] is a parameter vector obtained from fitting the above model to the experimental data of Cormack [1991]. Q is then expressed as:…”

Section: Threshold Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, Cormack [1991], presented a corresponding disparity-threshold function for luminance-contrast magnitude. Consequently, we decided to factor out the luminance-contrast magnitude dimension, leading to the following model:…”

Section: Threshold Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A luminance-contrast-aware disparity model and applications

Didyk¹,

Ritschel²,

Eisemann

et al. 2012

ACM Trans. Graph.

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is manipulated (c), we quantify the perceived change considering luminance, and disparity (d), whereas previous work leads to wrong predictions (e) e. g., for low-texture areas, fog, or depth-of-field (arrows).Please note that all images in the paper, except for disparity and response maps are presented in anaglyph colors. AbstractBinocular disparity is one of the most important depth cues used by the human visual system. Recently developed stereo-perception models allow us to successfully manipulate disparity in order to improve viewing comfort, depth discrimination as well as stereo content compression and display. Nonetheless, all existing models neglect the substantial influence of luminance on stereo perception. Our work is the first to account for the interplay of luminance contrast (magnitude/frequency) and disparity and our model predicts the human response to complex stereo-luminance images. Besides improving existing disparity-model applications (e. g., difference metrics or compression), our approach offers new possibilities, such as joint luminance contrast and disparity manipulation or the optimization of auto-stereoscopic content. We validate our results in a user study, which also reveals the advantage of considering luminance contrast and its significant impact on disparity manipulation techniques.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Threshold Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A luminance-contrast-aware disparity model and applications

Didyk¹,

Ritschel²,

Eisemann

et al. 2012

ACM Trans. Graph.

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show abstract

“…Several computational studies have examined matching by correlation (Tyler and Julesz, 1978;Jenkin and Jepson, 1988;Cormack et al, 1991;Kanade and Okutomi, 1994;Weinshall and Malik, 1995). Furthermore, the properties of binocular neurons in the striate cortex suggest that the estimation of disparity begins with signals closely related to binocular correlation measured after the image is filtered by monocular receptive fields (Ferster, 1981 5-8) pointed out the mathematical equivalence between interocular correlation and the disparity energy calculation that underlies binocular interaction in V1 neurons (Ohzawa et al, 1990;Cumming and Parker, 1997).…”

Section: Description Of the Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Is Spatial Stereoresolution So Low?

Banks¹,

Gepshtein²,

Landy³

2004

J. Neurosci.

151

210

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Spatial stereoresolution (the finest detectable modulation of binocular disparity) is much poorer than luminance resolution (finest detectable luminance variation). In a series of psychophysical experiments, we examined four factors that could cause low stereoresolution: (1) the sampling properties of the stimulus, (2) the disparity gradient limit, (3) low-pass spatial filtering by mechanisms early in the visual process, and (4) the method by which binocular matches are computed. Our experimental results reveal the contributions of the first three factors. A theoretical analysis of binocular matching by interocular correlation reveals the contribution of the fourth: the highest attainable stereoresolution may be limited by (1) the smallest useful correlation window in the visual system, and (2) a matching process that estimates the disparity of image patches and assumes that disparity is constant across the patch. Both properties are observed in disparity-selective neurons in area V1 of the primate (Nienborg et al., 2004).

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“…In the modality ofstereopsis, there is evidence that correspondence matching is also governed by a covariance principle for luminance-defined stimuli (Cormack, Stevenson, & Schor, 1991;Gulick & Lawson, 1976;Julesz, 1960;Papathomas et aI., 1993). In fact, this covariance metric could be modeled as a product offront-end responses, just as in the case of motion (see Equation 1), provided that both targets have the same luminance polarity (Cormack et aI., 1991;Julesz, 1963).…”

Section: Development Ofa Unified Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A unified approach to the perception of motion, stereo, and static-flow patterns

Papathomas

Kovács

Goréa

et al. 1995

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

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This paper presents a unified approach for studying the perception of motion, stereopsis, and staticflow (Glass) patterns. The objective is to address the same issues across these "modalities." To this end, a new class of stimuli and procedures were developed, the key feature of which is the incorporation of a forced-choice competition paradigm into the random-dot stimuli paradigm that has traditionally been used in these modalities. The two competing percepts that are pitted against each other are opposite directions for motion, near/far depth planes for stereopsis, and orthogonal global patterns for Glass patterns. The differences in qualitative predictions for competing hypotheses are generally well pronounced, and the results provide clear evidence for deciding between alternative hypotheses. This approach has been used to confirm that covariance is the preferred metric for eliciting global correlations in all the modalities and to investigate the nature of front-end processes in each modality. It has the potential for neurophysiological studies for both single-cell and neuronal ensemble recording.

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Interocular correlation, luminance contrast and cyclopean processing

Cited by 132 publications

References 9 publications

A luminance-contrast-aware disparity model and applications

A luminance-contrast-aware disparity model and applications

Why Is Spatial Stereoresolution So Low?

A unified approach to the perception of motion, stereo, and static-flow patterns

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