Interoception: The Inside Story—A Model for Psychosomatic Processes

Cameron, Oliver G.

doi:10.1097/00006842-200109000-00001

Cited by 446 publications

(410 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…21 Evidence of hippocampal involvement in food-related behaviors has also been reported. To start with, the neuroanatomical connections of the hippocampus allow it to receive information from areas of the brain involved in satiety and hunger signals including the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus, 22 the nucleus tractus solitarius, which receives afferents from the vagus 23 that are thought to regulate food intake 24 and from the insula, which processes internal perception of hunger signals 25 and in concert with the hippocampus is thought to be involved in novel taste learning. 26 Furthermore, the hippocampus is directly linked to the nucleus accumbens which is a brain region involved in reward.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in response to food stimuli in a rat model of obesity: in-vivo assessment of brain glucose metabolism

et al. 2008

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Objective: Food intake is regulated by factors that modulate caloric requirements as well as food's reinforcing properties. In this study, we measured brain glucose utilization to an olfactory stimulus (bacon scent), and we examined the role of food restriction and genetic predisposition to obesity on such brain metabolic activity. Methods: Zucker obese (Ob) and lean (Le) rats were divided into four groups: (1) Ob ad-libitum fed, (2) Ob food restricted (70% of ad libitum), (3) Le ad-libitum fed and (4) Le food restricted. Rats were scanned using m-positron emission tomography and 2-[ 18 F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose under two conditions: (1) baseline scan (no stimulation) and (2) challenge scan (food stimulation, FS). Results: FS resulted in deactivation of the right and left hippocampus. Ob rats showed greater changes with FS than Le rats (deactivation of hippocampus and activation of the medial thalamus) and Ob but not Le animals deactivated the frontal cortex and activated the superior colliculus. Access to food resulted in an opposite pattern of metabolic changes to the food stimuli in olfactory nucleus (deactivated in unrestricted and activated in restricted) and in right insular/parietal cortex (activated in unrestricted and deactivated in restricted). In addition, restricted but not unrestricted animals activated the medial thalamus. Conclusions: The greater changes in the Ob rats suggest that leptin modulates the regional brain responses to a familiar food stimulus. Similarly, the differences in the pattern of responses with food restriction suggest that FS is influenced by access to food conditions. The main changes with FS occurred in the hippocampus, a region involved in memory, the insular cortex, a region involved with interoception (perception of internal sensations), the medial thalamus (region involved in alertness) and in regions involved with sensory perception (olfactory bulb, olfactory nucleus, occipital cortex, superior colliculus and parietal cortex), which corroborates their relevance in the perception of food.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in response to food stimuli in a rat model of obesity: in-vivo assessment of brain glucose metabolism

et al. 2008

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“…In addition to being anatomically linked, the neurofunctional roles of these brain structures contribute to affective processing (Gordon et al, 2011;Williams et al, 2006), memory consolidation (Squire, 1992;Roozendaal et al, 2009;Segev, Ramot, & Akirav, 2012), memory formation (Buzsáki , Chen, & Gage, 1990;Squire, 1992), and stimulus monitoring (Mayer et al, 2011), in addition to their contributions to interoception (for review, please see Cameron, 2001). Thus it is likely that these neuroanatomical findings affect the neurofunctional properties and capacity of these structures to perform their operations effectively, particularly with regard to cognitive and affective processing (Figure 1).…”

Section: Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Of Ptsd And Tbi In Oementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Sequelae of PTSD and TBI Following War Deployment among OEF/OIF Veterans

et al. 2012

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are highly prevalent among Veterans of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. These conditions are associated with common and unique neuropsychological and neuroanatomical changes. This review synthesizes neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies for both of these disorders and studies examining their co-occurrence. Recommendations for future research, including utilizing combined neuropsychological and advanced neuroimaging techniques to study these disorders alone and in concert, are presented. It is clear from the dearth of literature that more attention in the literature should be given to examining temporal relationships between PTSD and mTBI, risk and resilience factors associated with both disorders and their co-occurrence, and mTBI-specific factors such as time since injury and severity of injury, utilizing comprehensive, yet targeted cognitive tasks.

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“…The assessment of interoceptive accuracy (IA), therefore, requires the monitoring of physical changes, which can be readily measured. The heartbeat tracking task is a useful assessment paradigm, as heartbeats are easily quantifiable as discrete and determinable stimuli (13)(14)(15). Numerous studies have used this paradigm to assess IA in panic patients in order to investigate hypervigilance towards bodily sensations (16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized hypervigilance in fibromyalgia: Normal interoceptive accuracy, but reduced self-regulatory capacity

Rost

Ryckeghem

Schulz

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Objective: The factors underlying the aetiology of fibromyalgia (FM) are largely unknown.According to the generalized hypervigilance hypothesis (GHH), FM patients show excessive attention towards pain stimuli and other sensory events, thereby increasing pain perception and dysfunctional behaviour. We tested this notion by assessing interoceptive accuracy (IA) in FM patients and matched healthy controls. We also tested the hypothesis that FM is characterized by reduced self-regulatory capacity as indexed by heart rate variability (HRV).Methods: 47 FM patients (Mage = 45.5, 39 females) and 45 healthy controls (Mage = 44.9, 37 females) completed several self-report scales (Body Vigilance Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Pain Catastrophizing Scale). To derive HRV, heart rate was monitored under resting conditions; for the assessment of IA participants performed a heartbeat tracking task in which they were asked to silently count their heartbeats. Results: FM patients reported higher body vigilance than healthy controls, but there were no group differences in IA. FM patients had lower HRV compared with healthy controls. HRV did not predictor IA. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings do not support the hypothesis of generalized hypervigilance in FM patients. Patients reported a heightened focus on bodily sensations, which was not reflected in IA. It may be that hypervigilance is not a general and stable characteristic but is rather context dependent and modality-specific.

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Interoception: The Inside Story—A Model for Psychosomatic Processes

Abstract: Understanding the physical basis of psychosomatic processes, including the so-called mind-body problem, will require a detailed understanding the psychobiology of interoception.

Cited by 446 publications

References 34 publications

Differences in response to food stimuli in a rat model of obesity: in-vivo assessment of brain glucose metabolism

Differences in response to food stimuli in a rat model of obesity: in-vivo assessment of brain glucose metabolism

Neuropsychological Sequelae of PTSD and TBI Following War Deployment among OEF/OIF Veterans

Generalized hypervigilance in fibromyalgia: Normal interoceptive accuracy, but reduced self-regulatory capacity

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