“…According to scholars, PRISMA has been widely and successfully applied in educational research. In addition to PRISMA, this review followed the general guidelines for searching and selecting research articles proposed by Avgousti Based on general recommendations from previous review studies (Guan, 2014;Duman et al, 2015), this review used keywords such as 21st century skills, language learn * , and technology. 21st century skills were also included to widen the search results (e.g., creativity and innovation, critical thinking, problem solving, communication, collaboration, digital literacy, information literacy, media literacy, ICT literacy, flexibility and adaptability, initiative and self-direction, social and crosscultural interaction, productivity and accountability, leadership and responsibility).…”