This paper explains the key themes and areas of debate covered by this symposium. While the focus of these papers is predominantly on the US higher education system -with just one paper from the context of a UK HEI -it is clear that some common themes and issues can be identified from the various case studies that are discussed. The question of how to define internationalisation; the process of how to encourage and measure internationalisation; and the design and delivery of an internationalised curriculum -particularly in relation to study abroad schemes -are themes that run across the five papers. Drawing from the work undertaken in this symposium, this paper concludes by suggesting a number of areas and questions that merit further investigation and evaluation.