International Variations in Youth Drug Use: The Effect of Individual Behaviours, Peer and Family Influences, and Geographical Location

McArdle, Paul; Wiegersma, Auke; Gilvarry, Éilish; McCarthy, Steven J; Fitzgerald, Michael; Kolte, Brigitta; Brinkley, Aoife; Blom, Maria; Stoeckel, Ingo; Pierolini, Anna; Michels, Ingo Ilja; Johnson, Rob; Quensel, Stephan

doi:10.1159/000052042

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…National and international studies have shown that low rates of drug use are associated with traditional family structure [13,14]. We did not find this association.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studiescontrasting

confidence: 82%

Addictive Behaviour of Adolescents in Secondary Schools in Hungary

Nyári

Herédi²,

Parker³

2004

Eur Addict Res

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Objective: To investigate drug use among secondary schoolchildren aged 14–18 years in the city of Szeged in Hungary in order to observe and describe drug use, smoking and alcohol intake and to find risk factors for these behaviours. Methods: The questionnaire was concerned with recreational drug use, smoking and drinking habits as well as family structure and life-style based upon the European School Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs questionnaire. Statistical methods used were the χ² test and multiple logistic regression analysis. The standard errors were estimated using the Huber-White procedure. Results: Overall 20% of schoolchildren reported experience of drug usage. Boys were significantly more likely to report drug use than girls (χ² = 4.65; p = 0.031). Cannabis was the most commonly reported drug used (96%). The proportion of drug users was significantly higher among those who had smoked (13%) or were current smokers (65%) compared to those who never smoked (1%; χ² = 164.7; p < 0.001). Moreover, the risk of drug use was significantly higher in those children who reported a drug user in the family (OR 9.3; 95% CI 4.3–19.9; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings support the hypothesis that strategies for the prevention of drug use should consider the association between drug and tobacco use.

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“…National and international studies have shown that low rates of drug use are associated with traditional family structure [13,14]. We did not find this association.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studiescontrasting

confidence: 82%

Addictive Behaviour of Adolescents in Secondary Schools in Hungary

Nyári

Herédi²,

Parker³

2004

Eur Addict Res

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“…Several studies (1,7,8,29) indicated that sport practice was associated with lower rates of drug use and Peretti-Watel et al (30) described that it was less frequent that elite athletes used tobacco, alcohol and cannabis, although it depended on the type of sport practiced and the level of competition. Several studies (1,7,8,29) indicated that sport practice was associated with lower rates of drug use and Peretti-Watel et al (30) described that it was less frequent that elite athletes used tobacco, alcohol and cannabis, although it depended on the type of sport practiced and the level of competition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Don't stop, don't stop: Physical activity and adolescence

Surı́s

Parera²

2005

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

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The aim was to assess whether physical activity decreases during adolescence, whether this decrease depends on the gender, whether physical activity is related to personal, family, and school factors, and whether it is associated to healthy behaviors in a sample of adolescents. Data were drawn from a survey carried out in 2001 among in-school Catalan adolescents aged 14-19 years. Subjects were divided in two groups: physical activity (N=4,185, 43.5% females) and no-physical activity (N=2,743; 68.9% females). Personal, family, school and lifestyles' variables were compared. Chisquare and Odds Ratio were used to compare qualitative variables and Student's t to compare quantitative variables. For the multivariate analysis, all statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis in each of the four groups of variables (plus age) were introduced in a nonconditioned multiple regression. Analysis was performed separately by gender. Physical activity was significantly more frequent among males and decreased with age. Globally, physically active youth perceived themselves as healthier and happier with their body image, they showed a better relationship with their parents, were better connected to school, and exhibited healthier lifestyles. As physical activity has important benefits on health, health professionals dealing with adolescents should encourage adolescents to keep practicing. This message must be specially directed to females.

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“…Participating in sports is believed to be protective against drug abuse [2, 3]. Nevertheless, the prevalence of drug abuse among athletes of different disciplines has prompted many researchers over the years to probe into the whys and the wherefores of this phenomenon [4, 5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphetamine use and its associated factors in body builders: a study from Tehran, Iran

Angoorani¹,

Narenjiha²,

Tayyebi

et al. 2012

aoms

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IntroductionEpidemiological studies on all types of illicit drug use among athletes are essential for both the sport community and drug control achievements. Here, we investigated the prevalence and associated factors of amphetamine use in body builders in Tehran, Iran, 2007.Material and methodsThis study is a secondary analysis of a substance use survey done in 103 randomly selected gymnasia in Tehran (capital city of Iran). The survey was conducted from November 2007 to January 2008 and included 843 randomly selected bodybuilders (aged 40 years or less). By interviews via questionnaires the following data were obtained: age, job, marital status, education level, housing status, average monthly family income, number of family members, gymnasium area (m2), number of trainers, number of gymnasium members, initiation time (months), weekly duration of the sporting activity (h), monthly cost of the sporting activity, purpose of participating in sporting activity, and history of anabolic steroid and amphetamine use.ResultsOne hundred twenty (13.3%) body builders reported a history of amphetamine use. According to the results of regression analysis, being married (risk ratio – RR = 0.540), and participating in body building to enhance self-esteem (RR = 0.423) or to enhance sport performance (RR = 0.545) had protective effects on amphetamine use. However, having university qualifications (RR = 1.843), using anabolic steroids (RR = 1.803) and participating in sport to maintain fitness (RR = 2.472) were linked to increased risk of amphetamine use.ConclusionsWell-educated bodybuilders were more likely to use amphetamines, and why this is so needs to be discovered. If further studies show that they are not aware of the dangers associated with amphetamine use, providing them with information should be considered.

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International Variations in Youth Drug Use: The Effect of Individual Behaviours, Peer and Family Influences, and Geographical Location

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Addictive Behaviour of Adolescents in Secondary Schools in Hungary

Addictive Behaviour of Adolescents in Secondary Schools in Hungary

Don't stop, don't stop: Physical activity and adolescence

Amphetamine use and its associated factors in body builders: a study from Tehran, Iran

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