International Variation in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates

Jemal, Ahmedin; Lortet‐Tieulent, Joannie; Ward, Elizabeth; Ferlay, Jacques; Brawley, Otis W.; Bray, Freddie

doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2012.02.054

Cited by 1,324 publications

(1,084 citation statements)

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“…Several observations reported that the incidence of prostate cancer in Asian was lower than that in Western (Nakamura et al, 2011). However, the recent epidemiology studies also showed that, the incidence rates of prostate cancer increased in Asian countries in the last few years (Center et al, 2012) due to the change in diet and life style. A prospective study by Severson et al (1989) showed the increasing consumption of phytoestrogens in men of Japanese ancestry living in Hawaii was associated with the decreasing risk of prostate cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Liu

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Liu

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Prostate cancer (PCa) accounted for an estimated 899 000 cases and 258 000 deaths worldwide in 2008, with 72% of cases and 53% of deaths occurring in developed countries [1]. Among men in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database in the United States, 80% had localized disease, 12% had regional disease, and only 4% had distant E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 6 4 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 9 0 5 -9 1 5 a v a i l a b l e a t w w w .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Biochemical Recurrence After Primary Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2013

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Context: Despite excellent cancer control with the treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa), some men will experience a recurrence of disease. The optimal management of recurrent disease remains uncertain. Objective: To systematically review recent literature regarding management of biochemical recurrence after primary treatment for localized PCa. Evidence acquisition: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature was performed from 2000 to 2012 to identify articles pertaining to management after recurrent PCa. Search terms included prostate cancer recurrence, salvage therapy, radiorecurrent prostate cancer, post HIFU, post cryoablation, postradiation, and postprostatectomy salvage. Studies were selected according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and required to provide a comprehensive description of primary and secondary treatments along with outcomes. Evidence synthesis: The data from 32 original publications were reviewed. The most common option for local salvage therapy after radical prostatectomy (RP) was radiation. Options for local salvage therapy after primary radiation included RP, brachytherapy, and cryotherapy. Different definitions of recurrence and risk profiles among patients make comparative assessment among salvage treatment modalities difficult. Triggers for intervention and factors predicting response to salvage therapy vary. Conclusions: Radiation therapy (RT) after RP can provide durable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responses in a sizeable percentage of men, especially when given early (ie, PSA <1 ng/ml). Though a few studies suggest improvements in mortality, prospective randomized trials are needed and underway. The role of salvage treatment after RT is less clear.

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“…1 The reason for this is the high prevalence of "occult PCa" of 40%. 2 Importantly, PSA may temporarily be increased in the presence of benign prostate hypertrophy, prostatitis or other non-malignant conditions 3 which frequently leads to prostate biopsy in daily routine practice.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is further screening of men with baseline PSA < 1 ng ml⁻¹worthwhile? The discussion continues-Results of the Swiss ERSPC (Aarau)

et al. 2015

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Recent studies indicate frequent early PSA retesting unrelated of men's baseline PSA, which increases the harms of early detection especially among men with low PSA. The current study investigates the PCa incidence among men with baseline PSA <1.0 ng ml 21 in order to adjust retest intervals for more targeted early detection. Between 1998 and 2012, 2,416 men with baseline PSA <1.0 ng ml 21 were prospectively observed. Primary endpoint was PCa diagnosis. Negative predictive value (NPV) and number needed to screen (NNS) to detect one PCa were calculated. During a median follow-up time of 12.1 years, 54 (2.2%) PCa were diagnosed with n 5 26 (48.1%) among men with baseline PSA of 0.75 1.0 ng ml 21 (upper baseline PSA quartile). The 10-year probability of being diagnosed with PCa increased significantly from 0.19% (baseline PSA < 0.40 ng ml 21 ) to 2.0% (baseline PSA 0.40 0.56 ng ml 21 ), 2.5% (baseline PSA 0.56 0.75 ng ml 21 ) over 4.4% (baseline PSA 0.75 1.0 ng ml 21 ) (all p values <0.0001), respectively. The frequency of Gleason 7 PCa increased from 1 (0.17%) to 8 (1.4%), 5 (0.8) over 11 (1.8%) in these groups. The 8-year NPV for Gleason 7 PCa were 99.8 (baseline PSA < 0.40 ng ml 21 ), 99.8 (baseline PSA 0.40 0.56 ng ml 21 ), 100 (baseline PSA 0.56 0.75 ng ml 21 ) and 99.5 (baseline PSA 0.75 1.0 ng ml 21 ), respectively. During 12 years, the numbers were 99.8, 98.6, 99.2, and 98.2, respectively. Therefore, due to the very low rate of Gleason 7 PCa, further screening might be omitted in men with baseline PSA < 0.4 ng ml 21 . Between 0.4 and 1.0 ng ml 21 , an 8-year interval can be discussed.

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International Variation in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates

Cited by 1,324 publications

References 36 publications

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Management of Biochemical Recurrence After Primary Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Is further screening of men with baseline PSA < 1 ng ml⁻¹worthwhile? The discussion continues-Results of the Swiss ERSPC (Aarau)

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International Variation in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates

Cited by 1,324 publications

References 36 publications

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Management of Biochemical Recurrence After Primary Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Is further screening of men with baseline PSA < 1 ng ml−1worthwhile? The discussion continues-Results of the Swiss ERSPC (Aarau)

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Product

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Is further screening of men with baseline PSA < 1 ng ml⁻¹worthwhile? The discussion continues-Results of the Swiss ERSPC (Aarau)