International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on red cell immunogenetics and blood group terminology: Berlin report

Storry, Jill R.; Castilho, Lilian; Daniels, Geoff; Flegel, Willy A.; Garratty, George; Francis, Caia; Moulds, Joann M.; Moulds, John J.; Olsson, Martin L.; Poole, Joyce; Reid, Marion E.; Rouger, Ph.; Schoot, Ellen van der; Scott, Marion L.; Smart, Elizabeth; Tani, Yoshihiko; Yu, Lung; Wendel, Silvano; Westhoff, Connie M.; Yahalom, Vered; Zelinski, Teresa

doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01462.x

Cited by 80 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…38 Six of these are carbohydrate-based and their genes code for glycosyltransferases. To define a new blood-group antigen, the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) requires that it be shown independent of all other blood-group antigens, be expressed on RBCs, and is inheritable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system

Svensson

Hult

Stamps

et al. 2013

Blood

122

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Key Points• A new histo-blood group system was discovered, based on the identification of Forssman glycolipid antigen on human red blood cells.• A newly described polymorphism in the GBGT1 gene activates the encoded enzyme to synthesize Forssman antigen. IntroductionCarbohydrate histo-blood group antigens, first recognized on red blood cells (RBCs) in 1900, 1 have been suggested to be part of our innate immune response. 2 Major carbohydrate histo-blood groups in man include the ABO, P1PK, H, Lewis, I, and GLOB systems in which glycoproteins and glycolipids carry immunodominant terminal sugars, 3 defining polymorphic antigens. Other mammals also express carbohydrate histo-blood groups, such as ABO, 4 fucoseless B antigen (Galili), 5 and Forssman (Fs) 6,7 but their expression on RBCs varies among species. Although the biologic function of polymorphic carbohydrates on RBCs is unresolved, these antigens can be used as receptors by pathogens [8][9][10][11] and their expression in tissues and bodily secretions are thus believed to reflect microbial selection. 8 In response to blood-group-mimicking glycans on bacterial surfaces, naturally occurring antibodies with the capacity to neutralize various microorganisms are formed. However, these antibodies also constitute substantial transfusion and transplantation barriers. 3,12 In 1987, 3 families with a supposed ABO subgroup named A pae were reported. 13 Although Helix pomatia lectin reacted strongly and polyclonal anti-A weakly with RBCs from some family members, monoclonal (MAb) anti-A reagents were later shown to be nonreactive, thus presenting an apparent paradox. The biochemical and genetic background of this enigmatic phenotype has remained unknown, as has its biologic consequences. We hypothesized that an explanation may be found by studying the glycolipids of this phenotype. 14 Here we report the identification of Fs glycolipids, normally found only on RBCs of selected nonprimate mammals, are strongly expressed on human A pae RBCs. In nonprimates, Fs antigen is synthesized by Fs synthase (globoside 3-␣-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase, EC2.4.1.88), 7 an enzyme homologous to the ABO transferase. We also reveal a genetic polymorphism in the human Fs gene (GBGT1) that alters the enzymatically inactive human protein 15 Methods SamplesFive and 3 RBC units were collected from each of 2 unrelated A pae individuals (A pae #1 and A pae #2, respectively) from 2 of the originally reported families. 13 GlycolipidsGlycolipid preparation. Lysed blood units were thawed and total neutral glycolipids with Ͻ 20 sugar residues were isolated (see supplemental Methods, where control glycolipid preparations are also described; available on the Blood Web site; see the Supplemental Materials link at the top of the online article).Open-column chromatography. Total glycolipids (ϳ 110 mg) from each of A pae #1 and #2 were fractionated by silica chromatography column (5g silica/100 mg lipid; Silica 60, Merck) in a system of chloroform (C) methanol (M) solvent mixes (supplemental Metho...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system

Svensson

Hult

Stamps

et al. 2013

Blood

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These investigators also noted an increased amount of x 2 on erythrocytes of the p phenotype. Following our presentation of the original A 1 B P 1 k case mentioned above, the x 2 glycosphingolipid received status as an orphan blood group antigen in 2010 under the name PX2 (ISBT collection 209004) (27). However, the specificity of the antibodies in this patient or whether it was an isolated incident has remained unclear as has the enzymatic and genetic basis of x 2 synthesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Molecular and Genetic Basis of PX2, a Glycosphingolipid Blood Group Antigen Lacking on Globoside-deficient Erythrocytes

Westman

Benktander

Storry

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Expression of x 2 glycosphingolipid (PX2) is elevated on erythrocytes from individuals with the rare P/P1/P knegative p phenotype. Results: Globoside-deficient individuals with mutated P synthase (␤1,3GalNAc-T1) lack PX2 and have anti-PX2 in plasma. Transfection of B3GALNT1 induces P and PX2 expression. Conclusion: PX2 synthesized by ␤1,3GalNAc-T1 fulfills blood group criteria. Significance: ␤1,3GalNAc-T1 uses different acceptors to form immunologically distinct glycosphingolipids.

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“…Currently there are 30 major blood group systems and more than 308 red cell antigens [5]. However during pre transfusion testing blood bank tests for only ABO and Rh (D) antigens, thus transfusion poses a risk of alloimmunization to other blood group antigens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Transfusion Practice in Obstetric and Gynecology: Impact of Educational Programs to Create Awareness for Judicious Use of Blood Components

Gupte

Patel

2013

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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The study presents the data analysis (1) To find out the trend of blood component use during the period 2003-2010 and to determine impact of component awareness programs on reduction in whole blood (WB) and single unit transfusions. (2) To determine Hb trigger. The details about blood units issued were entered in the integrated blood bank management software as well as in Microsoft Excel. The data of 4,838 cases of pregnancy anemia; 2,244 receiving blood for obstetric (Ob) hemorrhage including 270 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation; 1,413 women having Gynecological (Gy) bleeding; 911 Ob, 2,032 Gy and 740 surgeries for Gy malignancy were analyzed. During the years 2003-2010 there was gradual increase in component utilization for pregnancy anemia, Ob/Gy surgeries and Ob/Gy bleeding and significant reduction in WB transfusions due to component awareness programs. But single unit transfusions showed comparatively lower trend of reduction. The mean Hb was 6.4 g/dL for pregnancy anemia, 8.1 g/dL for surgeries and 7.3 g/dL for Ob/Gy bleeding.

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International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on red cell immunogenetics and blood group terminology: Berlin report

Cited by 80 publications

References 17 publications

Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system

Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system

Identification of the Molecular and Genetic Basis of PX2, a Glycosphingolipid Blood Group Antigen Lacking on Globoside-deficient Erythrocytes

Blood Transfusion Practice in Obstetric and Gynecology: Impact of Educational Programs to Create Awareness for Judicious Use of Blood Components

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