International regulation of underwater sound

McCarthy, Elena

doi:10.1109/oceans.2000.881264

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The lagoon forms a vast wetland, which runs deep inland for more than 20 km, is enclosed between sharp dunes and sandstone cliffs, and enlarges to a huge salt flat (Sebkha of Tarza) (Mirari et al, 2020). Official statistics on tourist activities and numbers in Transport and shipping activities may also result in underwater noise pollution and hydrocarbon emissions from motorized boats (Eyring et al, 2005;McCarthy, 2007). Field observations showed an increasing accumulation of solid and plastic waste discarded by tourists and frequent disturbances to bird populations.…”

Section: Tourism Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating coastal lagoon sustainability through the driver-pressure-state-impact-response approach: a study of Khenifiss Lagoon, southern Morocco

El Behja,

El M’rini,

Nachite

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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Coastal lagoons are valuable ecosystems, providing socioeconomic benefits and supporting human populations and biodiversity. However, these systems face several challenges, making them vulnerable to both natural and human factors. In this study, we apply the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) Approach to conduct a comprehensive socioeconomic and environmental assessment of the Khenifiss Lagoon to promote sustainable development and support decision-makers. Located on the southern Atlantic coast of Morocco, the lagoon was designated a natural reserve in 1962, a biological reserve in 1983, and a protected wetland under the Ramsar Convention since 1980. This study represents the initial endeavor to conduct a comprehensive global and multidisciplinary environmental assessment of the lagoon by using a wide range of data sources, including relevant publications and reports, satellite images and remote sensing data, field observations, and interviews, all analyzed under the DPSIR framework. Our findings show that both natural and human factors have an impact on the ecosystem. Natural Factors associated with the geomorphological features of the region likely contribute to the silting of the lagoon, possibly intensified by a large shipwreck stuck at its inlet. Meanwhile, human factors encompass population growth (at a rate of 2% per year), tourism, shellfish farming, fishing, shellfish harvesting, and salt extraction. Our results reveal significant changes in the lagoon’s condition in recent years, including a reduction in water body extent, a probable decrease in depth, and an increase in the accumulation of solid waste, plastics, and wastewater in three sectors spanning a total surface area of 464 ha (equivalent to 7% of the lagoon), a substantial expansion of the salt mining area encompassing 368 ha, and a remarkable loss of biodiversity, manifested in declining fish stocks and seabird populations. This study showed that the lagoon is positioned as a potential site for economic growth and serves to alert stakeholders and the local population to the ecosystem’s environmental issues. Based on the findings of this study, we highly recommend regulating human activities within the lagoon, the removal of the wreck at the entrance, proper waste management, community awareness programs, and strict monitoring and enforcement of regulations to protect the environment.

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Section: Tourism Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating coastal lagoon sustainability through the driver-pressure-state-impact-response approach: a study of Khenifiss Lagoon, southern Morocco

El Behja,

El M’rini,

Nachite

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…The Alliance, an oceanographic research vessel operated by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), was conducting experiments with the new sonar off the coast of Greece. Several hours after the experiments, 17 beaked whales stranded in the Kyparissiakos Gulf and subsequently died [2]. In the middle of the ongoing debate over SURTASS (Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System), the unusual mass stranding of cetaceans was discovered in the Bahamas islands in the spring of 2000 [3].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2004 and 2007, the US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) held an international conference to discuss underwater noise from ships. The NOAA addressed that underwater noise has been doubling every 10 years and such an increase has been dominated by ships, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere where 80% of ship traffic occurs [2,5]. Green Marine, which was launched in 2007 by major marine industry associations, announced shippingnoise evaluation criteria to mitigate underwater noise pollution.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Minimizing Underwater Noise from Ships

Lee¹

2017

OFOAJ

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“…A number of national and international documents include characteristics of underwater noise in the list of monitored characteristics of coastal territories [1][2][3]. Recommended methods of measuring the sea noise parameters are described in [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Hydroacoustic Noise Probability Density Function at the Output of Automatic Gain Control System

2018

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This research presents results of the estimation of temporal variability of the hydroacoustic noise probability density function (PDF) in shallow waters within the frequency band of 0.03-3.3 kHz; the studies were conducted near the Primorsky Aquarium on Russky Island, Vladivostok, Russia. Signals were received via unidirectional hydrophone and automatic gain control of the received signals. The hydrophone was attached to a drifting buoy via an elastic suspension; the received signals were transmitted by cable to a boat drifting with the buoy. The results of the comparison of the sea noise probability density function (PDF) estimates at the output of a system with automatic gain control (AGC) with similar results for a white Gaussian noise in the same frequency band are described.

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International regulation of underwater sound

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluating coastal lagoon sustainability through the driver-pressure-state-impact-response approach: a study of Khenifiss Lagoon, southern Morocco

Evaluating coastal lagoon sustainability through the driver-pressure-state-impact-response approach: a study of Khenifiss Lagoon, southern Morocco

Towards Minimizing Underwater Noise from Ships

Variability of Hydroacoustic Noise Probability Density Function at the Output of Automatic Gain Control System

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