International guidelines for thein vivoassessment of skin properties in non‐clinical settings: Part 2. transepidermal water loss and skin hydration

Plessis, Johan du; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Eloff, Fritz C.; John, Swen Malte; Agner, Tove; Chou, Tzu-Chieh; Nixon, Rosemary; Steiner, Markus; Franken, Anja; Kudla, Irena; Holness, Linn D.

doi:10.1111/srt.12037

Cited by 185 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The slight decrease in TEWL from the baseline value in all four of the affected anatomical locations pointed in the direction of an improvement in barrier function. It is known that TEWL values vary among anatomical regions [24], so that differences between arms, legs, trunk and head were to be expected. The observation of a trend towards lower values at the last visit in several body regions in the probiotic-treated group may hint at a slight beneficial effect of the probiotic.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Oral Administration of a Heat-Treated Lactobacillus paracasei Supplement in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis Receiving Topical Corticosteroid Therapy

Yan

Hung

et al. 2019

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common disease in infancy, for which topical steroids are the first-line therapy but have side effects. Innovative approaches are needed to reduce the burden of AD and corticosteroid usage in infants. Methods: The once-daily consumption of heat-treated probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei GM-080 or placebo for 16 weeks as supplementary approach to topical treatment with fluticasone propionate cream was compared in AD infants aged 4–30 months. Outcomes were SCORAD and its subscores, TEWL, Infants’ Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), corticoid “sparing effect,” CCL17/TARC, and IgE status. Results: SCORAD, objective SCORAD, itching, and IDQOL decreased significantly (p < 0.001) over the treatment period in both treatment groups. Slight decreases (ns) were noted in TEWL in lesional and unaffected skin and CCL17 levels. There were no differences between the treatment groups. Total IgE increased over the treatment period in both groups, with significantly higher increase in the heat-treated probiotic group (p = 0.038). There was no evidence of a corticoid “sparing effect” by the probiotic. Conclusions: In this design, the probiotic L. paracasei was not beneficial as a complementary approach to topical corticosteroids in infants with AD. However, slight beneficial effects may have been masked by the moderate potency corticoid.

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Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Oral Administration of a Heat-Treated Lactobacillus paracasei Supplement in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis Receiving Topical Corticosteroid Therapy

Yan

Hung

et al. 2019

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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“…Measurements were performed with the Tewameter TM 300 (Courage and Khazaka Electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) in duplicate and the arithmetic mean was used. Measurements were performed according to standard operating procedures based on international guidelines [16], and the reliability and validity of TEWL measurements have been demonstrated [17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fluid Intake on Hydration Status and Skin Barrier Characteristics in Geriatric Patients: An Explorative Study

Akdeniz

Boeing

Müller‐Werdan

et al. 2018

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aim: Inadequate fluid intake is assumed to be a trigger of water-loss dehydration, which is a major health risk in aged and geriatric populations. Thus, there is a need to search for easy to use diagnostic tests to identify dehydration. Our overall aim was to investigate whether skin barrier parameters could be used for predicting fluid intake and/or hydration status in geriatric patients. Methods: An explorative observational comparative study was conducted in a geriatric hospital including patients aged 65 years and older. We measured 3-day fluid intake, skin barrier parameters, Overall Dry Skin Score, serum osmolality, cognitive and functional health, and medications. Results: Forty patients were included (mean age 78.45 years and 65% women) with a mean fluid intake of 1,747 mL/day. 20% of the patients were dehydrated and 22.5% had an impending dehydration according to serum osmolality. Multivariate analysis suggested that skin surface pH and epidermal hydration at the face were associated with fluid intake. Serum osmolality was associated with epidermal hydration at the leg and skin surface pH at the face. Fluid intake was not correlated with serum osmolality. Diuretics were associated with high serum osmolality. Conclusions: Approximately half of the patients were diagnosed as being dehydrated according to osmolality, which is the current reference standard. However, there was no association with fluid intake, questioning the clinical relevance of this measure. Results indicate that single skin barrier parameters are poor markers for fluid intake or osmolality. Epidermal hydration might play a role but most probably in combination with other tests.

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“…The significant increase in skin humidity proves that stratum corneum hydration depends both on the ability to bind and the ability to retain water (30). As TEWL refers to the total amount of water loss through the skin, lower TEWL values indicate an intact epidermal barrier function that correlates with the normal hydration state of the stratum corneum (25,27).…”

Section: And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water has a crucial role in respect to the normal function of the epidermal barrier and mechanical properties of skin. Water content of stratum corneum is therefore of particular interest in most cosmetic and dermatologic applications (23,25).…”

Section: And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEWL measurements can provide a good insight into the efficacy of a new product. Measurement of TEWL is one of the most widely used biophysical methods because it correlates directly with the skin barrier dysfunction and has applications in cosmetology, pharmaceutical, clinical, toxicological, and various other studies (25,(27)(28)(29). Tewameter is a well-known device capable of measuring TEWL accurately by using the open-chamber method (28).…”

Section: And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and in vivo evaluation of emulgel formulations including green tea extract and rose oil

2013

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Plant materials with antioxidant and skin anti-aging properties have been widely used in cosmetic products for many years. Among them Camellia sinensis (L.) (green tea) extract is known for its biological and pharmacological activities attributed mainly to green tea catechins, which are polyphenolic compounds present in unfermented dried leaves of C. sinensis (1, 2). A short heating procedure of green tea leaves led to inactivation of polyphenol oxidase, thereby preserving the antioxidant activities of polyphenols. The total content of polyphenols in tea leaves varies from approximately 20 to 40 %, depending on the subspecies of the plant and geographic location (3). The four major polyphenolic catechins present in green tea leaves are (2) Prevention of skin aging and its treatment is an emerging field for development of new formulations in cosmetics. Accordingly, plant extracts with antioxidant properties are beneficial cosmetic ingredients for this purpose. This study was aimed at developing a stable and easily manufactured emulgel including green tea extract and rose oil that is effective on the barrier function and hydration of the skin. An emulgel formulation containing 20 % green tea extract and 5 % rose oil was designed as a result of pre-formulation studies. Physicochemical characterization, in vitro stability studies, in vivo water content of the stratum corneum and transepidermal water loss studies were carried out afterwards. In vivo studies on ten female subjects were evaluated by using non-invasive skin bioengineering techniques. Finally, a cosmetically acceptable, stable and effective emulgel formulation for skin barrier function with good hydrating properties was obtained for skin hydration, protection and anti-aging purposes.

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International guidelines for thein vivoassessment of skin properties in non‐clinical settings: Part 2. transepidermal water loss and skin hydration

Cited by 185 publications

References 94 publications

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Oral Administration of a Heat-Treated <b><i>Lactobacillus paracasei </i></b>Supplement in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis Receiving Topical Corticosteroid Therapy

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Oral Administration of a Heat-Treated <b><i>Lactobacillus paracasei </i></b>Supplement in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis Receiving Topical Corticosteroid Therapy

Effect of Fluid Intake on Hydration Status and Skin Barrier Characteristics in Geriatric Patients: An Explorative Study

Design and in vivo evaluation of emulgel formulations including green tea extract and rose oil

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