International estimates of intended uptake and refusal of COVID-19 vaccines: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of large nationally representative samples

Abstract

Background Widespread uptake of COVID-19 vaccines will be essential to extinguishing the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines have been developed in unprecedented time and quantifying levels of hesitancy towards vaccination among the general population is of importance. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using large nationally representative samples (n≥1000) to examine the percentage of the population intending to vaccinate, unsure, or intending to refuse a COVID-19 vaccine when available. Generic inverse meta-analysis and meta-regression were used to pool estimates and examine time trends. PubMed, Scopus and pre-printer servers were searched from January-November, 2020. Registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020223132). Findings : Twenty-eight nationally representative samples (n = 58,656) from 13 countries indicate that as the pandemic has progressed, the percentage of people intending to vaccinate and refuse vaccination have been decreasing and increasing respectively. Pooled data from surveys conducted during June-October suggest that 60% (95% CI: 49% to 69%) intend to vaccinate and 20% (95% CI: 13% to 29%) intend to refuse vaccination, although intentions vary substantially between samples and countries (I 2 > 90%). Being female, younger, of lower income or education level and belonging to an ethnic minority group were consistently associated with being less likely to intend to vaccinate. Findings were consistent across higher vs. lower quality studies. Interpretation: Intentions to be vaccinated when a COVID-19 vaccine becomes available have been declining globally and there is an urgent need to address social inequalities in vaccine hesitancy and promote widespread uptake of vaccines as they become available. Funding : N/A

Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy among ethnic minority groups

“…Data to 14 February 2021 show that over 90% of adults in Britain have received or would be likely to accept the covid-19 vaccine if offered 1. However, surveys have indicated much greater vaccine hesitancy among people from some ethnic minorities 234. In a UK survey in December 2020, vaccine hesitancy was highest among black (odds ratio 12.96, 95% confidence interval 7.34 to 22.89), Bangladeshi, and Pakistani (both 2.31, 1.55 to 3.44) populations compared with people from a white ethnic background 5…”

Public Trust and Willingness to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in the US From October 14, 2020, to March 29, 2021

“…Yet national surveys suggest that willingness to vaccinate declined throughout 2020 and may be insufficient to provide population immunity. [1][2][3] Public trust in the development of vaccines and the government approval process represents a potential crucial reason for this hesitancy. This study tested changes in trust in vaccination and vaccine hesitancy.Methods | Participants were from 7 waves of the probabilitybased Understanding America Study (UAS) of US adults, 2,4 conducted between October 14, 2020, and March 29, 2021.…”

COVID-19 vaccine distrust in Colombian university students: Frequency and associated variables

“…The frequency observed is significantly lower than documented in university students in Italy, in whom 13.9% reported a low intention to vaccinate [10], and in Malta, where 55.8% of participants reported that it was unlikely or undecided about being vaccinated against COVID-19 [11]. These marked differences have also been documented in the general population [6][7][8][9]. This population is expected to find a high frequency of trust in COVID vaccines for two reasons: the first, emerging adults were included, and the second, being in higher education carriers.…”

“…The frequency of distrust towards the COVID-19 vaccine varies widely depending on the context, way of measurement, and pandemic stage [6][7][8]. Sallam Similar findings have been observed in college or university students.…”